Philippe Nozières, David Pines
We begin our study of the superfluid Bose liquid with a brief review of the experimental and theoretical background of the liquid 4 He, the only Bose liquid found naturally in the laboratory. We then consider, in Chapter 2 , the quasi-particle excitations and show how at T = 0 the macroscopic occupation of the zero momentum state leads, in the long wavelength limit, to an identical excitation spectrum for quasi-particles and density fluctuations. The spectrum consists in phonons with a velocity given by the macroscopic velocity of sound. We turn in Chapter 3 to a consideration of the observed elementary excitation spectrum of He II. We discuss both the experimental measurements and the theories that have thus far been proposed to explain them.
CRC Press eBooks•Mar 5, 2018•0 citations