Fluorescence Imaging of Quantum Gases

Jose Castro, Hong Xiu Gao, T. C. Killian

Jacob Friis Sherson, Christof Weitenberg, Manuel Endres +3 more

Chris J. Vale, Martin W. Zwierlein

Ryuta Yamamoto, Jun Kobayashi, Takuma Kuno +2 more

We demonstrate site-resolved imaging of individual bosonic atoms in a Hubbard-regime two-dimensional optical lattice with a short lattice constant of 266 nm. To suppress the heating by probe light with the 1 S 0 – 1 P 1 transition of the wavelength λ = 399 nm for high-resolution imaging and preserve atoms at the same lattice sites during the fluorescence imaging, we simultaneously cool atoms by additionally applying narrow-line optical molasses with the 1 S 0 – 3 P 1 transition of the wavelength λ = 556 nm. We achieve a low temperature of , corresponding to a mean oscillation quantum number along the horizontal axes of 0.22(4) during the imaging process. We detect, on average, 200 fluorescence photons from a single atom within a 400 ms exposure time, and estimate a detection fidelity of 87(2)%. The realization of a quantum gas microscope with enough fidelity for Yb atoms in a Hubbard-regime optical lattice opens up the possibilities for studying various kinds of quantum many-body systems such as Bose and Fermi gases, and their mixtures, and also long-range-interacting systems such as Rydberg states.

Ryuta Yamamoto, Jun Kobayashi, Takuma Kuno +2 more

We demonstrate site-resolved imaging of individual bosonic 174Yb atoms in aHubbard-regime twodimensional optical lattice with a short lattice constant of 266 nm. To suppress the heating by probe light with the 1S0- 1P1 transition of the wavelength λ = 399 nmfor high-resolution imaging and preserve atoms at the same lattice sites during the fluorescence imaging, we simultaneously cool atoms by additionally applying narrow-line optical molasses with the 1S0 3P1 transition of the wavelength λ = 556 nm.We achieve a lowtemperature of T = 7.4(13) μK, corresponding to amean oscillationquantum number along the horizontal axes of 0.22(4) during the imaging process.Wedetect, on average, 200 fluorescence photons from a single atom within a 400 ms exposure time, and estimate a detection fidelity of 87(2)%. The realization of a quantum gas microscope with enough fidelity for Yb atoms in a Hubbard-regime optical lattice opens up the possibilities for studying various kinds of quantum many-body systems such as Bose and Fermi gases, and their mixtures, and also long-rangeinteracting systems such as Rydberg states.

Jonathon I. Gillen, Waseem Bakr, Amy Peng +2 more