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Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics

Effect of temperature on non-linear optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs single quantum dot

Manish K. Bafna, P. K. Sen, P. K. Sen

Published Feb 1, 2006• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

Based upon the semi-classical density matrix approach, a detailed theoretical investigation has been made to analyze the effect of temperature on non-linear optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs single quantum dot (QD). The temperature effects have been incorporated via temperature dependent (i) dephasing mechanism, (ii) band gap energy and (iii) population density. The semiconductor QD has been chosen to be small enough such that the confinement effect dominates over the Coulombic contribution. Detailed numerical estimates of the non-linear refraction and absorption properties have been made. Redshifts of the non-linear refraction and absorption peaks as well as reduction in the induced polarization are found to occur with increasing temperature. The present analysis further reveals that the non-linear gain reduces at higher temperatures.

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Based upon the semi-classical density matrix approach, a detailed theoretical investigation has been made to analyze the effect of temperature on non-linear optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs single quantum dot (QD). The temperature effects have been incorporated via temperature dependent (i) dephasing mechanism, (ii) band gap energy and (iii) population density. The semiconductor QD has been chosen to be small enough such that the confinement effect dominates over the Coulombic contribution. Detailed numerical estimates of the non-linear refraction and absorption properties have been made. Redshifts of the non-linear refraction and absorption peaks as well as reduction in the induced polarization are found to occur with increasing temperature. The present analysis further reveals that the non-linear gain reduces at higher temperatures.
The study presents results of the linear and non-linear optical properties of GaAs quantum dots. The reported work aims to provide new results of the quantum dot optical properties confined in Hua plus modified Eckart (HPME) potential. To obtain analytical expressions for the energy eigenvalues and the wave functions, we solved the time-independent Schrödinger equation for the HPME potential by using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method. Investigation of the linear, third-order nonlinear, and total absorption coefficients and refractive index changes was done with the help of the density matrix approach. The results showed that the energy decreases in a linear manner as the potential parameter, V0. Also, it is observed that as the barrier slope increases, the peaks of the linear, third-order linear, and total absorption coefficient tend to higher values of energy. Furthermore, as the barrier slope increases, the change in refractive indices increases, and their positions shift to higher energies. Additionally, an increase in the structure parameters and optical intensity greatly influences the absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes of the quantum dots.
Simultaneous effects of an on-center hydrogenic impurity and band edge non-parabolicity on intersubband optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes of a typical GaAs/Al x Ga 1−x As spherical quantum dot are theoretically investigated, using the Luttinger—Kohn effective mass equation. So, electronic structure and optical properties of the system are studied by means of the matrix diagonalization technique and compact density matrix approach, respectively. Finally, effects of an impurity, band edge non-parabolicity, incident light intensity and the dot size on the linear, the third-order nonlinear and the total optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are investigated. Our results indicate that, the magnitudes of these optical quantities increase and their peaks shift to higher energies as the influences of the impurity and the band edge non-parabolicity are considered. Moreover, incident light intensity and the dot size have considerable effects on the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes.
Linear and nonlinear optical absorptions in one-dimensional semi-parabolic quantum dot is investigated. The analytical expression of linear and third-order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients are obtained by using compact density-matrix approach and iterative method. Numerical results are presented for an GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dot and the dependence on the quantum confinement of the semi-parabolic quantum dot, the incident optical intensity, and on the relaxation rate are also investigated. The results indicate that the optical absorption coefficients are strongly influenced by the confining frequency, relaxation time, and the incident optical intensity, respectively. However, their influences for the linear optical absorption, third-order nonlinear optical absorption, and the total optical absorption are different. We think our theoretical study may make a great contribution to experimental studies and may open up new opportunities for practical exploitation of the quantum-size effect in optical devices.
The effects of quantum dot (QD) radius, incident light intensity, temperature and other factors on the optical absorption coefficients (OACs) of cylindrical QDs are investigated numerically for typical GaAs/Ga[Formula: see text]Al[Formula: see text]As. We theoretically studied the cylindrical QDs with like-inversely quadratic Hellmann potential and parabolic potential. The expressions for the energy levels and wave functions were obtained by the Nikiforov–Uvarov method, and then the expressions for the OACs were derived by using the density matrix theory and the iterative method. Finally, the results show that the structural and external parameters affect the sensitivity of the optical absorption properties by influencing the matrix elements and energy levels, and the quantum confinement effects affect their applicable frequencies, which makes the QD system easier to tune.
The effects of temperature on the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coeffic ient in semi-parabolic quantum wells are investigated. By the compact density matrix approach, analytical expressions for these optical properties are obtained. Numerical results are used for typical GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs semi-parabolic nanostructure system. In this paper we have presented the behavior of these optical properties as a function of photon energy and inc ident optical intensity considering the effect of temperature. Our results can make a significant contribution both in practical application and in theoretical research.
Analytical expressions of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in a two-electron quantum dot with oscillating and linear confining terms are obtained by using compact-density matrix approach and exact analytical method. Numerical results on typical GaAs/AlGaAs materials show that, an increase of the confinements blueshifts the peak positions of absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. Additionally, an increase of the optical intensity and relaxation time considerably changes the absorption coefficients as well as the refractive index changes.