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WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks

Atomic Optical Bistability in a Two-level System

Published Jul 26, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1142/9789814307567_0002

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The atomic optical bistability (AOB) in multi-level systems has advantages over the two-level system as absorption, dispersion, and nonlinear optical properties of one optical field coupled to one atomic transition can be greatly modified by other optical fields coupled to other connected nearby atomic transitions in multi-level atomic systems due to induced atomic coherences. By making use of such changes in linear and nonlinear optical properties around resonance, which are related to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), it is easy to manipulate and control nonlinear optical processes in the multi-level atomic systems. We review earlier two-level AOB theory, as well as experiments and some recent studies that made use of multi-level atomic EIT systems in achieving controls of nonlinear optical processes such as instabilities and stochastic resonance associated with the coupled atom–cavity systems.
We use a fully quantum, many-body treatment to show mirrorless optical bistability in terms of the spacial properties of interacting two-level systems. The bistability effects are related to the coherent dipole-dipole interactions which introduce an inversion-dependent renormalization of the frequency (or relaxation). Conditions of stability and instability are discussed for a thin sample of two-level atoms with a width smaller than a wavelength. For a long sample of two-level atoms, we find that the two phases of high transmissivity and low transmissivity may coexist spacially in the material.