Comparison of the Mathematical Formalism of Associative ANN and Quantum Theory

Mitja Peruš, Chu Kiong Loo

Huber Nieto–Chaupis

Inside field of Machine Learning or ML one finds the formulation of artificial neural networks or ANN as a robust method to predict data under minimal bias. It constitutes a key procedure inside field of Artificial Intelligence that has demonstrated to be fast, efficient and autonomous in some cases. A deep understanding at the usage of ANN would lead to construct advanced as well as robust tools to predict behavior of systems. Mathematically speaking, once data has been trained, ML emerges as a powerful algorithm to predict unseen data but with a certain probability. Inspired in Quantum Mechanics being a theory fundamental in physic based at probabilities one can wonder if ANN based at the concept of perceptron might be improved through a mathematical methodology by using the formalism of Quantum Mechanics. The aim of paper is to explore novel mathematical mechanisms that would allow to fine the probabilities of prediction inside ML.

Mitja Peruš

D. A. Slavnov

A scheme for constructing quantum mechanics is given that does not have Hilbert space and linear operators as its basic elements. Instead, a version of algebraic approach is considered. Elements of a noncommutative algebra (observables) and functionals on this algebra (elementary states) associated with results of single measurements are used as primary components of the scheme. On the one hand, it is possible to use within the scheme the formalism of the standard (Kolmogorov) probability theory, and, on the other hand, it is possible to reproduce the mathematical formalism of standard quantum mechanics, and to study the limits of its applicability. A short outline is given of the necessary material from the theory of algebras and probability theory. It is described how the mathematical scheme of the paper agrees with the theory of quantum measurements, and avoids quantum paradoxes.

Hong-Yi Fan, Hong‐Chun Yuan

Dirac's ket-bra formalism is the language of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. In Refs.(Fan et al, Ann. Phys. 321 (2006) 480; 323 (2008) 500) we have reviewed how to apply Newton-Leibniz integration rules to Dirac's ket-bra projectors. In this work by alternately using the technique of integration within normal, antinormal, and Weyl ordering of operators we not only derive some new operator ordering identities, but also deduce some useful integration formulas regarding to Laguerre and Hermite polynomials. This opens a new route of deriving mathematical integration formulas by virtue of the quantum mechanical operator ordering technique.

Kathleen E. Hamilton, Jonathan Schrock, Neena Imam +1 more