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中国物理B：英文版

Dynamics of a three-level V-type atom driven by a cavity photon and microwave field

薛艳丽, 朱诗灯, 刘菊, 肖廷辉 Xiao Tinghui, Feng Hua, 李志远

Published Jan 1, 2016• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We discuss the dynamics of a three-level V-type atom driven simultaneously by a cavity photon and microwave field by examining the atomic population evolution. Owing to the coupling effect of the cavity photon, periodical oscillation of the population between the two upper states and the ground state takes place, which is the well-known vacuum Rabi oscillation. Meanwhile, the population exchange between the upmost level and the middle level can occur due to the driving action of the external microwave field. The general dynamic behavior is the superposition of a fast and a slow periodical oscillation under the cooperative and competitive effect of the cavity photon and the microwave field. Numerical results demonstrate that the time evolution of the population is strongly dependent on the atom–cavity coupling coefficient g and Rabi frequency ?_e that reflects the intensity of the external microwave field. By modulating the two parameters g and ?_e, a large number of population transfer behaviors can be achieved.

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We discuss the dynamics of a three-level V-type atom driven simultaneously by a cavity photon and microwave field by examining the atomic population evolution. Owing to the coupling effect of the cavity photon, periodical oscillation of the population between the two upper states and the ground state takes place, which is the well-known vacuum Rabi oscillation. Meanwhile, the population exchange between the upmost level and the middle level can occur due to the driving action of the external microwave field. The general dynamic behavior is the superposition of a fast and a slow periodical oscillation under the cooperative and competitive effect of the cavity photon and the microwave field. Numerical results demonstrate that the time evolution of the population is strongly dependent on the atom–cavity coupling coefficient g and Rabi frequency ?_e that reflects the intensity of the external microwave field. By modulating the two parameters g and ?_e, a large number of population transfer behaviors can be achieved.
We discuss the dynamics of a three-level V-type atom driven simultaneously by a cavity photon and microwave field by examining the atomic population evolution. Owing to the coupling effect of the cavity photon, periodical oscillation of the population between the two upper states and the ground state takes place, which is the well-known vacuum Rabi oscillation. Meanwhile, the population exchange between the upmost level and the middle level can occur due to the driving action of the external microwave field. The general dynamic behavior is the superposition of a fast and a slow periodical oscillation under the cooperative and competitive effect of the cavity photon and the microwave field. Numerical results demonstrate that the time evolution of the population is strongly dependent on the atom–cavity coupling coefficient g and Rabi frequency Ω e that reflects the intensity of the external microwave field. By modulating the two parameters g and Ω e , a large number of population transfer behaviors can be achieved.
We study the dynamics of a ∨-type three-level atom in the cavity employing the dressed state of the system. We consider a ∨-type three-level atom initially in a different state that interacts with two mode photons in a closed cavity. The initial state of the atom and Rabi frequency have a significant effect on the population exchange between excited and ground levels. The numerical results show that the atom-field coupling strength determines the fast and slow periodic oscillation of the probability between the upper and ground states. The highest probability of finding it in the upper and ground states is determined by the initial state conditions of the atom. In general, the initial state conditions of the atom and the atom-field coupling strength have a significant effect on population transfer between the upper and ground states of a ∨-type three-level atom.
The interaction between an ultracold cascade three-level atom and a two-mode cavity field has been studied. The effects of the centre-of-mass motion, the cavity length, the coupling constants, the initial field states and the initial field intensity on the atomic dynamics have been examined. We have found that the population probabilities show dependence on the interaction time in the fast-atom region while they show dependence on the interaction length in the slow-atom region. The variations of the probabilities versus the cavity length show resonant peaks, and the peaks become sharper as the atom moves more slowly. The coupling constants, the initial field states and the initial field intensity also influence the atomic dynamics significantly. The two transitions are competitive for the atomic probability in the middle state, while they are cooperative for that in the lower state.
We present an interaction scheme that exhibits a dynamical effect of virtual photons carried by a vacuum-field dressed two-level atom in the ultrastrong-coupling regime. We show that, with the aid of an external driving field, virtual photons provide a transition matrix element that enables the atom to evolve coherently and reversibly to an auxiliary level accompanied by the emission of a real photon. The process corresponds to a type of vacuum Rabi oscillation, and we show that the effective vacuum Rabi frequency is proportional to the amplitude of a single virtual photon in the ground state. Therefore, the interaction scheme could serve as a probe of ground-state structures in the ultrastrong-coupling regime.
The dynamical properties in the system of three identical two-level entangled atoms interacting with the Fock states field are investigated by mean of Schrodinger equation solution and numerical calculations. The results show that the time evolution of the atomic population operator and second order coherence degree depend on the degree of entanglement of the entangled atoms and the intensity of the Fock states optical field. If the two atoms are in un-entangled state, the atomic population reveals the periodic collapse and revival phenomenon. The atomic population reveals vacuum Rabi oscillation when the optical field is in vacuum state, and the Rabi oscillation frequency of the atomic population is shown to increase with the growth of the intensity of the optical field. If the two atoms are in entangled state, the photon reveals the bunching phenomenon with the growth of the degree of the entangled state, and the second-order correlation function is shown to increase with the growth of the degree of the entangled state.
The dynamics of energy exchange between an atom moving in a high-Q cavity and the cavity field is analyzed by taking into account the Roentgen interaction. A two-level atom coupled to a Fock or coherent state of an optical or microwave cavity is considered. The mean cavity photon number required for high-frequency Doppler-Rabi oscillations to occur is relatively high for both Fock-and coherent-state cavity fields and increases with the atomic transition frequency. Conditions are found when the Roentgen interaction plays a key role in the Doppler-Rabi oscillations and must be taken into account, in addition to the conventional electric field-dipole interaction.