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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Effect of angular momentum on the temperature of Rb optical molasses

Christoph Gerz, Theodore Hodapp, Poul Jessen, William D. Phillips, Christoph Ira Westbrook

Published May 10, 1992• 0 citations
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We have measured the temperature of laser-cooled Rb atoms in optical molasses as a function of laser intensity and detuning. For both 85 Rb and 87 Rb, cooled on the F = 3 → F ' = 4 and F = 2 → F ' = 3 transitions, respectively, the temperatures are proportional to the ratio of laser power and detuning for a wide range of these parameters. We observe a small but significant difference between the two isotopes. We also show the results of three-dimensional semi-classical numerical calculations. Our results favor a model which includes atomic localization in optical standing waves.
Abstract We investigate angular-momentum transfer efficiencies in hybrid Rb–Cs– 129 Xe vapor cells with different alkali compositions. Experiments were performed at a pump power of 40 mW and a cell temperature of 110 ∘ C, where the Rb–Cs spin-exchange rate is comparable to the alkali electron-spin relaxation rate and complete spin-temperature equilibrium is not established. Using Rb-rich cells under Cs pumping and Cs-rich cells under Rb pumping, we measured the steady-state 129 Xe polarization and build-up time and determined the corresponding spin-exchange and photon efficiencies. Within each cell series, both efficiencies exhibit systematic composition-dependent trends arising from the combined effects of optical pumping, incomplete Rb–Cs polarization transfer, alkali relaxation, and alkali–Xe spin exchange. The Rb–Cs polarization-transfer factor converts the nominal alkali density ratio into an effective polarization-weighted ratio, which governs the relative contributions of the Rb–Xe and Cs–Xe spin-exchange channels. These results clarify angular-momentum transfer in hybrid Rb–Cs– 129 Xe systems and provide guidance for optimizing low-power hybrid spin-exchange optical pumping and alkali–noble-gas sensor platforms.