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Observation of mixing between singlet and triplet scattering channels in Rb$_2$ Rydberg molecules

Fabian Böttcher, Anita Gaj, Karl Westphal, Michael Schlagmüller, K. S. Kleinbach, Robert Löw, Tara Cubel Liebisch, Tilman Pfau, Sebastian Hofferberth

Published Oct 5, 2015• 0 citations
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Observation of mixed singlet-triplet Rb2 Rydberg molecules

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We present high-resolution spectroscopy of ${\mathrm{Rb}}_{\text{2}}$ ultralong-range Rydberg molecules bound by mixed singlet-triplet electron-neutral atom scattering. The mixing of the scattering channels is a consequence of the hyperfine interaction in the ground-state atom, as predicted recently by Anderson et al. [Phys. Rev. A 90, 062518 (2014)]. Our experimental data enable the determination of the effective zero-energy singlet $s$-wave scattering length for Rb. We show that an external magnetic field can tune the contributions of the singlet and the triplet scattering channels and therefore the binding energies of the observed molecules. This mixing of molecular states via the magnetic field results in observed shifts of the molecular line which differ from the Zeeman shift of the asymptotic atomic states. Finally, we calculate molecular potentials using a full diagonalization approach including the $p$-wave contribution and all orders in the relative momentum $k$, and compare the obtained molecular binding energies to the experimental data.

arXiv:1510.01097•Physical Review A•Mar 21, 2016•59 citations
Observation of mixing between singlet and triplet scattering channels in Rb2_22​ Rydberg molecules
Singlet-Triplet Mixing and Ground-State Molecule Formation in Ultracold Rb2_{2}2​
We present high-resolution spectroscopy of Rb2{\mathrm{Rb}}_{\text{2}}Rb2​ ultralong-range Rydberg molecules bound by mixed singlet-triplet electron-neutral atom scattering. The mixing of the scattering channels is a consequence of the hyperfine interaction in the ground-state atom, as predicted recently by Anderson et al. [Phys. Rev. A 90, 062518 (2014)]. Our experimental data enable the determination of the effective zero-energy singlet sss-wave scattering length for Rb. We show that an external magnetic field can tune the contributions of the singlet and the triplet scattering channels and therefore the binding energies of the observed molecules. This mixing of molecular states via the magnetic field results in observed shifts of the molecular line which differ from the Zeeman shift of the asymptotic atomic states. Finally, we calculate molecular potentials using a full diagonalization approach including the ppp-wave contribution and all orders in the relative momentum kkk, and compare the obtained molecular binding energies to the experimental data.