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QUIC 阱中紧束缚状态下87 Rb 原子气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体相变的直接观测

Zhen Ya Xu, Shuyu Zhou, Qu Qiu-Zhi, Hua Lü, Zhou Shan-Yu, 王育竹

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
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Abstract

By evaporative cooling in QUIC trap, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) was achieved with 2 x 10(587) Rb atoms in F = 2, M-F = 2] state. We have demonstrated the criterion of BEC transition by the variation of the axial size of the atoms in tight confinement, and observed phase transition from thermal atomic gases to Bose-Einstein condensate, and measured the shift of aspect ratio of BEC during free expansion, which compared with theoretical prediction.

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Chinese Optics Letters•Jan 1, 2010•19 citations
By evaporative cooling in QUIC trap, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) was achieved with 2 x 10(587) Rb atoms in F = 2, M-F = 2] state. We have demonstrated the criterion of BEC transition by the variation of the axial size of the atoms in tight confinement, and observed phase transition from thermal atomic gases to Bose-Einstein condensate, and measured the shift of aspect ratio of BEC during free expansion, which compared with theoretical prediction.
The apparatus and procedure required to generate a pure Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consisting of about half a million 87Rb atoms at a temperature of <60 nK with a phase density of >54 is described. The atoms are first laser cooled in a vapour cell magneto-optical trap (MOT) and subsequently transferred to an ultra-low pressure MOT. The atoms are loaded into a QUIC trap consisting of a pair of quadrupole coils and a Ioffe coil that generates a small finite magnetic field at the trap energy minimum to suppress Majorana transitions. Evaporation induced by an RF field lowers the temperature permitting the transition to BEC to be observed by monitoring the free expansion of the atoms after the trapping fields have been switched off.PACS Nos.: 03.75.Fi, 05.30.Jp, 32.80.Pj, 64.60.–i
The achievement of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in our experiment is reported. The process of BEC formation is observed by detecting the image after free expansion, in which the effectiveness of runaway evaporative cooling is shown by measuring the optical density of the atom cloud. About 2 × 10 5 87 Rb atoms in the | F = 2, m F = 2⟩ state are condensed into the condensate. The ratio of axial-to-radial size of the condensate released from the magnetic trap is investigated in theory and experiment.
The Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is created in a magnetic trap in the Quadrupole-Ioffe configuration (QUIC). This kind of trap combines an anti-Helmholtz quadrupole field with an offset field produced by a single coil perpendicular to the quadrupole field axis to suppress Majorana transitions. In the quadrupole trap evaporative cooling is performed by using radio frequency, reaching the phase transition to a BEC in the QUIC trap. By using Time of Flight (TOF) technique, the expansion velocity is measured with and which lead to temperature of and It is roughly around the recoil temperature.
Summary form only given. Recently, we have created a Bose condensate of /sup 87/Rb atoms directly in an optical trap formed by tightly focused laser beams. Following initial loading from a laser cooled gas, evaporative cooling through the BEC transition is achieved by simply lowering the depth of the optical trap. Our success is due in part to a high initial phase space density realized in the loading of our optical dipole trap and in part to the tight confinement of the atoms that permits rapid evaporative cooling to the BEC transition in 2 s.
We create a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 87 Rb atoms by runaway evaporative cooling in an optical trap.Two crossed infrared laser beams with a wavelength of 1064 nm are used to form an optical dipole trap.After precooling the atom samples in a quadrupole-Ioffe configuration (QUIC) trap under 1.5 µK by radio-frequency (RF) evaporative cooling, the samples are transferred into the center of the glass cell, then loaded into the optical dipole trap with 800 ms.The pure condensate with up to 1.5×10 5 atoms is obtained over 1.17 s by lowering the power of the trap beams.