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Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings

Study of Neutrino Oscillation and Dissipative Effects in LBNE

R. L. N. Oliveira, André de Gouvêa, M. M. Guzzo

Published Apr 1, 2016• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In this work we make a brief phenomenological study for three neutrino oscillation taking into account the matter effect from the open quantum system approach. Open quantum system approach has a rigorous set of the statements and when it is applied on neutrino oscillation, due to dissipative phenomena, the neutrinos may exhibit new and peculiar effects, in special, decoherence and relaxation effects. We use the most effective quantum dissipators and we study how change the neutrino behavior considering the LBNE configuration. In particular, we show how each kind of dissipative effect is linked to each mixing angle and consequently, as the new effects are described in the survival and appearance probabilities. Interesting enough, in the LBNE case we present a new behavior at matter resonance region that can be seen even when the dissipative effect is small compared with energy dependent oscillation parameters.

DOI
10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2015.10.035

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Using the open quantum system approach applied to the neutrino system, we derive three generations neutrino probability formulae considering the oscillation induced by mass plus quantum decoherence contributions. The introduction of these dissipative effects is done through the quantum dynamical semigroup formalism. In addition to the theoretical interest of the approach, at least from the completeness point of view, this extension of the formalism to the three flavors, provide us with a direct application: we can analyze qualitatively the consistency of the two generation pure decoherence solution to the atmospheric neutrino problem, accommodated within this enlarged scheme, with the mean tendencies observed for some of the current neutrino experimental data. This study was performed based on different choices of the 3×33 \times 33×3 mixing matrix selected in order to adjust the Pνμ→νμP_{ν_μ \to ν_μ}Pνμ​→νμ​​ to the same form it has for the decoherence solution in two generations. Our qualitative tests for decoherence with three neutrinos show a clear incompatibility between neutrino data and the theoretical expectations.
In the view of the quantum dynamic theory of measurement developed from the Hepp-Colemen (HC) model (K. Hepp, Hev.Phys.Acta, {\bf 45}, 237 (1972)), the quantum decoherence in neutrino flavor oscillation caused by an environment surrounding neutrinos is generally considered in this paper. The Ellis, Hagelin, Nanopoulos and Srednicki (EHNS) mechanism for solving the solar neutrino problem can be comprehended in a framework of the ordinary quantum mechanics. In the weak- coupling limit, a microscopic model is proposed to describe the transition of two neutrino system from a pure state to a mixed state. It gives the modified formula of survival probability of neutrino oscillation with two additional time-dependent parameters. For specified environments, this result shows that the oscillating phenomena of neutrino still exist even without a mass difference in free neutrino.
Abstract We consider quantum-decoherence effects in neutrino oscillation data. Working in the open quantum system framework we adopt a phenomenological approach that allows to parameterize the energy dependence of the decoherence effects. We consider several phenomenological models. We analyze data from the reactor experiments RENO, Daya Bay and KamLAND and from the accelerator experiments NOvA, MINOS/MINOS+ and T2K. We obtain updated constraints on the decoherence parameters quantifying the strength of damping effects, which can be as low as Γij ≲ 8 × 10−27 GeV at 90% confidence level in some cases. We also present sensitivities for the future facilities DUNE and JUNO.
Considering the neutrino state like an open quantum system, we analyze its propagation in vacuum or in matter. After defining what can be called decoherence and relaxation effects, we show that in general the probabilities in vacuum and in constant matter can be written in a similar way, which is not an obvious result for such system. From this result, we analyze the situation where neutrino evolution satisfies the adiabatic limit and use this formalism to study solar neutrinos. We show that the decoherence effect may not be bounded by the solar neutrino data and review some results in the literature, in particular the current results where solar neutrinos were used to put bounds on decoherence effects through a model-dependent approach. We conclude explaining how and why these models are not general and we reinterpret these constraints.
Considering the neutrino state like an open quantum system, we analyze its propagation in vacuum or in matter. After defining what can be called decoherence and relaxation effects, we show that in general the probabilities in vacuum and in constant matter can be written in a similar way, which is not an obvious result in this approach. From this result, we analyze the situation where neutrinos evolution satisfies the adiabatic limit and use this formalim to study solar neutrinos. We show that the decoherence effect may not be bounded by the solar neutrino data and review some results in the literature. We discuss the current results where solar neutrinos were used to put bounds on decoherence effects through a model-dependent approach. We conclude explaining how and why this models are not general and we reinterpret these constraints.
We discuss the effect of environmental decoherence on matter-effective neutrino oscillation probabilities. Decoherence is a phenomenon observed in systems interacting with the environment. We treat the neutrinos as an open quantum system and by using the Lindblad Master equation we study the evolution of neutrino states. The matter effect is incorporated for neutrinos passing through matter with the help of the Cayley-Hamilton formalism. In this work, we have developed a general algorithm that attempts to solve the Lindblad Master Equation to compute the neutrino oscillation probabilities in presence of environmental decoherence. We extensively validate the algorithm and explore how environmentally induced decoherence can potentially affect the oscillation probabilities, particularly in the long-baseline sector.