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Physics World

China creates quantum network

Edwin Cartlidge

Published Jun 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Researchers in China claim to have built what they say is "the world's first quantum cryptography network for telephony". They have used the network to send completely secure telephone messages between three nodes located in Hefei, Anhui Province, in the east of the country. They say that the new system is better suited to real-world applications than networks developed by rival researchers.

DOI
10.1088/2058-7058/22/06/22

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Researchers in China claim to have built what they say is "the world's first quantum cryptography network for telephony". They have used the network to send completely secure telephone messages between three nodes located in Hefei, Anhui Province, in the east of the country. They say that the new system is better suited to real-world applications than networks developed by rival researchers.
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China has achieved major scientific accomplishments since embarking in 2001 on a journey to harness the vast potential of quantum mechanics in information security and military applications. Chinese scientists claimed success in satellite-based entanglement distribution in June 2017. Three months later, in September 2017, the 2,000-kilometer Quantum Communication Line between Shanghai and Beijing opened the world’s first trunk line of secure quantum telecommunications. China’s political leadership has demonstrated its interest and support in this very expensive endeavor, owing to the strategic and military applications of quantum cryptography, quantum computing, and quantum metrology for highly secure communications, stealth submarine operations, and military code breaking. This article explores the rapid development and evolution of research in quantum communications in China, the critical role of political leadership, and the immense opportunities it holds in the military domain.
Quantum communication based on quantum mechanics is a secure communication technology,which can provide unconditional security between communication parties in principle. Recently,quantum communication technology and its practical engineering have been regarded by many counties and regions such as the US,European Union,China and Japan. With the engineering development of quantum communication technology,it has been progressing from point-to-point communications to network applications,including local area networks and wide area networks. Furthermore,global quantum communication is developing. In the review,we summarize in detail the development of the quantum communication networks built by various countries,and introduce the plans of quantum satellites.
We present a secure network communication system that operated with decoy-state quantum cryptography in a real-world application scenario. The full key exchange and application protocols were performed in real time among three nodes, in which two adjacent nodes were connected by approximate 20 km of commercial telecom optical fiber. The generated quantum keys were immediately employed and demonstrated for communication applications, including unbreakable real-time voice telephone between any two of the three communication nodes, or a broadcast from one node to the other two nodes by using one-time pad encryption.
Applied Physics Certain conversations or transactions are meant to be private. Yet despite the encryption of digital communication in one form or another, information theory presents a loophole whereby such encrypted messages can be compromised, if only in principle (in practice it may be extremely difficult to do so). Quantum mechanics closes that loophole altogether. Sharing quantum mechanically—entangled photons can provide a secure key with which to encrypt and send a message, safe in the knowledge that the message cannot be opened by an eavesdropper, at least not without alerting you to the breach. Chen et al. demonstrate a quantum key distribution protocol in a real-world application scenario, with the quantum key distributed over a network consisting of three stations linked by 20 km of commercial optical fiber. The generated keys can be used immediately in the context of encrypted real-time telephone conversations between the separated stations. With such a demonstration, quantum privacy in your own home may not be a too distant prospect. Opt. Express 17 , 6540 (2009).
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