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Acta Physica Sinica

Eigenenergies and wave functions of the Tavis-Cummings system driven by an external classical coherent field

Wang Zhong-Chun, Wang Qi, Gu Yong-Jian, Guo Guang-Can, (1)盐城师范学院物理系,盐城 224002;电子科技大学物理电子学院,成都 610054; (2)中国科学技术大学量子信息重点实验室,合肥 230026; (3)中国科学技术大学量子信息重点实验室,合肥 230026;盐城师范学院物理系,盐城 224002

Published Jan 1, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the interaction of the atoms in the two-atom Tavis-Cummings (T-C) model under an external classical driving field. The eigenenergies - quasienergies and eigenstates of the T-C system driven by the external field are calculated i n the interaction picture. We also give the general wave function of the system in the Schrdinger picture. We show that the driving field does not change the energy levels of the T-C model, but makes the Fock states displaced. A stationar y state with a definite frequency in the normal two-atom T-C model is transform ed into the Fock states with infinite frequencies by the driving field.

DOI
10.7498/aps.54.107

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We study the interaction of the atoms in the two-atom Tavis-Cummings (T-C) model under an external classical driving field. The eigenenergies - quasienergies and eigenstates of the T-C system driven by the external field are calculated i n the interaction picture. We also give the general wave function of the system in the Schrdinger picture. We show that the driving field does not change the energy levels of the T-C model, but makes the Fock states displaced. A stationar y state with a definite frequency in the normal two-atom T-C model is transform ed into the Fock states with infinite frequencies by the driving field.
We study the properties of atoms and cavity field in the two-atom Tavis–Cummings model where the two atoms interact with each other and are also driven by an external classical field. We consider the special case that the cavity is initially in a coherent state. The atomic inversion, the average photons number and the Mandel parameter in the driven Tavis–Cummings model are given and analysed numerically. We pay special attention to the dynamical behaviour of the atoms and the cavity field modified by the external field.
We calculate the quasienergies and steady states of a coupled two-level atom and quantized electromagnetic cavity mode with the cavity mode driven by a periodic classical field. The atom, the cavity mode, and the classical field are all on resonance. The quasienergies give shifted Jaynes-Cummings level splittings. These splittings are reduced by the interaction with the driving field and vanish at a threshold value of the driving field strength. Above the threshold, discrete quasienergies and normalizable steady states do not exist. Below the threshold, for weak driving fields, the steady states are squeezed and displaced Jaynes-Cummings eigenstates. We discuss the relevance of these results to work in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
The eigenstates of the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian (the dressed atomic states) are widely used to describe the interaction between a single two-level atom and a single mode of the electromagnetic field. They provide a particularly useful basis when the secular approximation is justified. For an atom interacting fog with n photons in a cavity, the secular approximation requires that the n-photon Rabi frequency 2 n g be much larger than the atomic and cavity linewidths. Normally this condition is met when n is large and the coupling constant g is much smaller than the atomic and cavity linewidths. In this paper we allow g to be larger than the linewidths, and we allow the photon number to be small. We show that when the cavity is driven by a coherent field, the usual secular approximation cannot be used. The natural basis states become are now the eigenstates of the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian plus the external field interaction. We solve this eigenvalue problem by separating the field and atomic parts of the Hamiltonian using a displacement and squeeze in the Hilbert-space of the field. We find that the Rabi frequencies are renormalized downwards as the strength of the driving field is increased. They eventually vanish at a critical field strength. At this critical field strength we observe a spontaneous symmetry breaking in the steady-state solution of the master equation for a single atom interacting with a driven cavity mode.
We analyze the time-dependent physical spectrum of a driven Jaynes-Cummings model in which both the two-level system and the quantized cavity mode are subject to coherent classical driving. The time-dependent Hamiltonian is mapped, via well-defined unitary transformations, onto an effective stationary Jaynes-Cummings form. Within this framework, we derive closed-form expressions for the two-time correlation functions of both the atomic and field operators. These correlation functions are subsequently used to evaluate the time-dependent physical spectrum according to the Eberly-Wódkiewicz definition, which properly accounts for finite spectral resolution and transient emission dynamics. We show that the external driving leads to substantial modifications of the atomic spectral response, including controllable frequency shifts and asymmetric line shapes. Importantly, we identify a regime in which the driving parameters are chosen such that the coherent displacement induced in the cavity field exactly cancels out the initial coherent amplitude. In this limit, the system dynamics reduce to that of an effectively vacuum-initialized Jaynes-Cummings model, and the standard vacuum Rabi splitting is recovered. This behavior provides a clear and physically transparent interpretation of the spectral features as arising from coherent field displacement rather than from modifications of the underlying atom-cavity coupling.
Abstract We investigate the steady-state quantum phases and associated collective phenomena of an open Tavis–Cummings (TC) model driven by a two-photon source. The standard (non-dissipative) TC model describes the quantum phases of an ensemble of N q two-level quantum emitters interacting with a single-mode electromagnetic field. The interplay among coherent driving, dissipation, and dipole interactions of the open TC model results in emergent collective phenomena, leading to a dissipative or non-equilibrium phase transition from the normal to the superradiant phase. We solve the Liouvillian equation analytically using the semi-classical mean-field approximation. We carry out stability analysis of the steady-state phases and determine the phase boundary. The use of Holstein–Primakoff transformation in the thermodynamic limit N q → ∞ reduces the system to an effective coupled-oscillator model, the solution of which yields collective modes.