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IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing

Novel construction and cycle analysis of Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check codes

Wenwen Li, Mao Ai, Jie Qiu, Lili Liu

Published Dec 1, 2015• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) codes have practical significance in the field of engineering, thus their construction algorithm is a hot issue in the field of LDPC codes. Based on existing construction methods, particularly the method based on Progressive Edge-Growth (PEG) algorithm, a new construction method of shift matrix is proposed. It can effectively avoid the copy of cycle structures, especially short cycles in base matrix after extension. Besides, it also relieves the time cost caused by random search, and greatly improves the length of cycles when compared with algorithms based on methods such as quadratic congruence and arithmetic sequence. Those algorithms can only eliminate short cycles with length 4, while our method can provide QC-LDPC codes without length 6 at least. Cycle analysis and simulation results show that the newly constructed QC-LDPC codes have good cycle structure and error correction performance.

DOI
10.1109/pic.2015.7489843

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Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) codes have practical significance in the field of engineering, thus their construction algorithm is a hot issue in the field of LDPC codes. Based on existing construction methods, particularly the method based on Progressive Edge-Growth (PEG) algorithm, a new construction method of shift matrix is proposed. It can effectively avoid the copy of cycle structures, especially short cycles in base matrix after extension. Besides, it also relieves the time cost caused by random search, and greatly improves the length of cycles when compared with algorithms based on methods such as quadratic congruence and arithmetic sequence. Those algorithms can only eliminate short cycles with length 4, while our method can provide QC-LDPC codes without length 6 at least. Cycle analysis and simulation results show that the newly constructed QC-LDPC codes have good cycle structure and error correction performance.
Due to quasi-cyclic structure of parity-check matrices, Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) codes reduce hardware requirements, and thus they have a higher practical value than random LDPC codes. This paper proposes an improved construction method of QC-LDPC based on PEG Algorithm, and the girth of the QC-LDPC codes has an increase of 2. Firstly, a base matrix is generated by the PEG algorithm, and then the base matrix is expanded using the unit circle permutation matrix, at the same time, the short loop of the base matrix is eliminated. This approach has the advantages of the PEG algorithm and the QC-LDPC codes, and simulation results show that bit error rate (BER) performance of the QC-LDPC codes presented in this paper is the same as or exceeds the one of randomly constructed LDPC codes.
We propose a new algorithm based on PEG algorithm to construct high-girth quasi-cyclic low-density parity check (QC-LDPC) codes. Before our improved algorithm in introduction, we depict the general algorithm based on PEG algorithm to construct QC - LDPC code, if necessary to eliminate the short cycles, that would bring in cycles-search. When code length of basic matrix is not too long, the algorithm is feasible, but with the code length growth, cycles-search will bring large of calculation and time-consuming sharply. Therefore we put forward an improved method by using the specific relation of basic matrix rows to replace traditional cycles-search, effectively eliminates short cycles, and largely reduces the time complexity at the same time. Through the simulation analysis, the performance can also be comparable with random constructed LDPC codes.
The Progressive edge-growth (PEG) algorithm was proven to be a simple and effective approach in designing Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. However, the Tanner graph constructed with the PEG algorithm is non-structured, which leads to random distributions of the positions of 1's in the corresponding parity-check matrix. In this paper, an improved algorithm based on the PEG algorithm for constructing quasi-cyclic (QC) LDPC codes is proposed. The proposed algorithm can eliminate short cycles efficiently and gain low error-floors. What is more important, the proposed QC-LDPC codes construction method is hardware-friendly because of its quasi-cyclic structure. Our simulation results demonstrate that the codes constructed with the proposed algorithm has better performance than the PEG algorithm over the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and Rayleigh flat fading channel.
Progressive Edge-Growth(PEG) algorithm is a method for constructing Low Density Parity-Check(LDPC) codes based on Tanner graph.Studies show that LDPC codes constructed with the algorithm can achieve excellent error-correcting performance.Based on the algorithm,the Quasi-Cyclic(QC) LDPC codes are proposed in this paper and simulations show that the QC-LDPC codes have almost the same excellent performance as the random codes constructed with the PEG algorithm.In addition,these codes have the property of quasi-cyclic structure,and the encoding and decoding can be implemented with simple shift registers.Besides,the code rates of the LDPC codes constructed with the proposed algorithm are more flexible to be adjusted.
Short cycles in the Tanner graph of a given LDPC code has negative effect on the performance of iterative decoding. To improve the performance, we presented an approach for constructing Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) codes whose associated Tanner graph has large girth and a small amount of short cycles. Each column block of the parity check matrix was designed by adding circulant permutation sub-matrices one after another, provided the current parity check matrix has minimal number of short cycles. The condition for the proposed QC-LDPC codes to have girth at least 6 was also analyzed. Regular and irregular QC-LDPC codes with various lengths and rates can be constructed. Simulations show that the proposed QC-LDPC codes have less short cycles and better performance than existing progressive edge growth based QC-LDPC codes.
A novel construction for quasi-cyclic (QC) regular and irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes based on a modification of the QC Progressive Edge Growth (PEG) algorithm is presented. Edge placement of the PEG-based algorithm is enhanced by use of the sum-product algorithm in the design of the parity-check matrix. The proposed algorithm is highly flexible in block length and rate, in particular when compared with algebraic constructions. The codes constructed by the proposed methods are tested in the AWGN channel and performance improvements are achieved. The proposed QC-LDPC codes provide an inherent trade-off between code performance and encoding/decoding complexity.