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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Direct Observation of Superconducting Pair States in Atomic Resolution on Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+\delta }$

Sang Hyun Joo, Inhee Lee, Chung Koo Kim, Jung Hoon Yoo, Min Seok Park, Gyoung Seok Lee, Jae-joon Kim, Genda D. Gu, K. McElroy, Shin‐ichi Uchida, J. C. Davis, Jinho Lee

Published Mar 5, 2015• 0 citations
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In pursuit of the elusive mechanism of high- T C superconductors (HTSC), spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy (SI-STM) is an indispensable tool for surveying local properties of HTSC. Since a conventional STM utilizes metal tips, which allow the examination of only quasiparticles and not superconducting (SC) pairs, Josephson tunneling using STM has been demonstrated by many authors in the past. An atomically resolved scanning Josephson tunneling microscopy (SJTM), however, was realized only recently on Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+ x (Bi-2212) below 50 mK and on the Pb(110) surface at 20 mK. Here we report the atomically resolved SJTM on Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+ x at 4.2 K using Bi-2212 tips created in situ . The I - V characteristics show clear zero bias conductance peaks following Ambegaokar-Baratoff (AB) theory. A gap map was produced for the first time using an atomically resolved Josephson critical current map I C ( r ) and AB theory. Surprisingly, we found that this new gap map is anticorrelated to the gap map produced by a conventional method relying on the coherence peaks. Quasiparticle resonance due to a single isolated zinc atom impurity was also observed by SJTM, indicating that atomically resolved SJTM was achieved at 4.2 K. Our result provides a starting point for realizing SJTM at even higher temperatures, rendering possible investigation of the existence of SC pairs in HTSC above the T C .

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Consistency between reflection M-EELS and optical spectroscopy measurements of the long-wavelength density response of Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+x}$

Jin Chen, Xuefei Guo, Christian Boyd +11 more

The density fluctuation spectrum captures many fundamental properties of strange metals. Using momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy (M-EELS), we recently showed that the density response of the strange metal Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+x}$ (Bi-2212) at large momentum, $q$, exhibits a constant-in-frequency continuum [Mitrano, PNAS $\textbf{115}$, 5392 (2018); Husain, PRX $\textbf{9}$, 041062 (2019)] reminiscent of the marginal Fermi liquid (MFL) hypothesis of the late 1980s [Varma, PRL $\textbf{63}$, 1996 (1989)]. However, reconciling this observation with infrared (IR) optics experiments, which show a well-defined plasmon excitation at $q \sim 0$, has been challenging. Here we report M-EELS measurements of Bi-2212 using 4$\times$ improved momentum resolution, allowing us to reach the optical limit. For momenta $q<0.04$ r.l.u., the M-EELS data show a plasmon feature that is quantitatively consistent with IR optics. For $q>0.04$ r.l.u., the spectra become incoherent with an MFL-like, constant-in-frequency form. We speculate that, at finite frequency, $ω$, and nonzero $q$, some attribute of this Planckian metal randomizes the probe electron, causing it to lose information about its own momentum.

arXiv:2306.03681•Jun 6, 2023•0 citations
Direct Observation of Superconducting Pair States in Atomic Resolution on Bi2_{2}2​Sr2_{2}2​CaCu2_{2}2​O8+δ_{8+\delta }8+δ​
Imaging the Vortex Density of States in Bi2_22​Sr2_22​CaCu2_22​O8+x_{8+x}8+x​
Probing Many-Body Interactions in High-Tc Superconductor Bi2_{2}2​Sr2_{2}2​CaCu2_{2}2​O8+δ_{8+\delta }8+δ​ using Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission
Enhanced Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling in Bi2_22​Sr2_22​CaCu2_22​O8+δ_{8+\delta}8+δ​ Intrinsic Josephson Junction Stacks
In pursuit of the elusive mechanism of high- T C superconductors (HTSC), spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy (SI-STM) is an indispensable tool for surveying local properties of HTSC. Since a conventional STM utilizes metal tips, which allow the examination of only quasiparticles and not superconducting (SC) pairs, Josephson tunneling using STM has been demonstrated by many authors in the past. An atomically resolved scanning Josephson tunneling microscopy (SJTM), however, was realized only recently on Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+ x (Bi-2212) below 50 mK and on the Pb(110) surface at 20 mK. Here we report the atomically resolved SJTM on Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+ x at 4.2 K using Bi-2212 tips created in situ . The I - V characteristics show clear zero bias conductance peaks following Ambegaokar-Baratoff (AB) theory. A gap map was produced for the first time using an atomically resolved Josephson critical current map I C ( r ) and AB theory. Surprisingly, we found that this new gap map is anticorrelated to the gap map produced by a conventional method relying on the coherence peaks. Quasiparticle resonance due to a single isolated zinc atom impurity was also observed by SJTM, indicating that atomically resolved SJTM was achieved at 4.2 K. Our result provides a starting point for realizing SJTM at even higher temperatures, rendering possible investigation of the existence of SC pairs in HTSC above the T C .
Consistency between reflection M-EELS and optical spectroscopy measurements of the long-wavelength density response of Bi2_22​Sr2_22​CaCu2_22​O8+x_{8+x}8+x​
The density fluctuation spectrum captures many fundamental properties of strange metals. Using momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy (M-EELS), we recently showed that the density response of the strange metal Bi2_22​Sr2_22​CaCu2_22​O8+x_{8+x}8+x​ (Bi-2212) at large momentum, qqq, exhibits a constant-in-frequency continuum [Mitrano, PNAS 115\textbf{115}115, 5392 (2018); Husain, PRX 9\textbf{9}9, 041062 (2019)] reminiscent of the marginal Fermi liquid (MFL) hypothesis of the late 1980s [Varma, PRL 63\textbf{63}63, 1996 (1989)]. However, reconciling this observation with infrared (IR) optics experiments, which show a well-defined plasmon excitation at q∼0q \sim 0q∼0, has been challenging. Here we report M-EELS measurements of Bi-2212 using 4×\times× improved momentum resolution, allowing us to reach the optical limit. For momenta q<0.04q<0.04q<0.04 r.l.u., the M-EELS data show a plasmon feature that is quantitatively consistent with IR optics. For q>0.04q>0.04q>0.04 r.l.u., the spectra become incoherent with an MFL-like, constant-in-frequency form. We speculate that, at finite frequency, ωωω, and nonzero qqq, some attribute of this Planckian metal randomizes the probe electron, causing it to lose information about its own momentum.