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The Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Rotation of the Orientation of the Wave Function Distribution of a Charged Particle and its Utilization

Shumpei Masuda, Stuart A. Rice

Published Jun 5, 2015• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe a method for selecting and sorting particles in an ion trap with respect to charge and mass. The method exploits a so-called shortcut to adiabatic passage, specifically the fast-forward field protocol, to design an electromagnetic field that rotates the spatial orientation of the wave function of the desired ion. The electromagnetic field forces ions that have different mass and electrical charge from the desired ionic species out of the trapping potential without exciting the desired ionic species, leaving the latter undisturbed in the trap.

DOI
10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b02681

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We describe a method for selecting and sorting particles in an ion trap with respect to charge and mass. The method exploits a so-called shortcut to adiabatic passage, specifically the fast-forward field protocol, to design an electromagnetic field that rotates the spatial orientation of the wave function of the desired ion. The electromagnetic field forces ions that have different mass and electrical charge from the desired ionic species out of the trapping potential without exciting the desired ionic species, leaving the latter undisturbed in the trap.
Abstract We inverse engineer fast rotations of a transversally tight, linear trap with two ions for a predetermined rotation angle and time, avoiding final excitation. Different approaches are analyzed and compared when the ions are of the same species or of different species. The separability into dynamical normal modes for equal ions in a harmonic trap, or for different ions in non-harmonic traps with up to quartic terms allows for simpler computations of the rotation protocols. For non-separable scenarios, in particular for different ions in harmonic traps, rotation protocols are also found using more costly numerical optimisations.
We study the fast transport of a particle or a Bose-Einstein condensate in a harmonic potential. An exact expression for the final excitation energy in terms of the Fourier transform of the trap acceleration is used to engineer optimal transport protocols (with no final excitation) that are robust with respect to spring-constant errors. The same technique provides a way to design the simultaneous and robust transport of a few noninteracting species that experience different harmonic trap frequencies in the same trap.
We discuss a radio-frequency (rf) ion trap, the rotating-radio-frequency (rotating-rf) trap, in which the motion of a charged particle is described by trigonometric functions rather than the usual Mathieu functions of a normal rf trap. In the rotating-rf trap, a rotating quadrupole electric field confines charged particles, whereas in a normal rf trap, an oscillating quadrupole electric field does. Ion motion in a rotating-rf trap is a superposition of two nondegenerate circular secular motions and two corresponding circular micromotions. The cases of applying a uniform dc magnetic field or a quadrupole dc electric field in addition to the rotating-rf field are also discussed. Confinement in a rotating-rf trap can be tighter than in a normal linear rf trap with the same experimental parameter values.
We discuss a radio-frequency (rf) ion trap, the rotating-radio-frequency (rotating-rf) trap, in which the motion of a charged particle is described by trigonometric functions rather than the usual Mathieu functions of a normal rf trap. In the rotating-rf trap, a rotating quadrupole electric field confines charged particles, whereas in a normal rf trap, an oscillating quadrupole electric field does. Ion motion in a rotating-rf trap is a superposition of two nondegenerate circular secular motions and two corresponding circular micromotions. The cases of applying a uniform dc magnetic field or a quadrupole dc electric field in addition to the rotating-rf field are also discussed. Confinement in a rotating-rf trap can be tighter than in a normal linear rf trap with the same experimental parameter values.