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Viewpoint: Statistical flickers in a Bose-Einstein Condensate of Photons

Cristiano Ciuti

Published Jan 21, 2014• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

Experiments with photons show that the number of particles in a Bose-Einstein condensate can have strong fluctuations.

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We report measurements of particle number correlations and fluctuations of a photon Bose-Einstein condensate in a dye microcavity using a Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiment. The photon gas is coupled to a reservoir of molecular excitations, which serve as both heat bath and particle reservoir to realize grand-canonical conditions. For large reservoirs, we observe strong number fluctuations of the order of the total particle number extending deep into the condensed phase. Our results demonstrate that Bose-Einstein condensation under grand-canonical ensemble conditions does not imply second-order coherence.