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Quantum Information Processing and Cavity QED

Christian Schön

Published Jan 1, 2005• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

This work is about the prospects provided by atoms coupled to optical cavities for the realization of concepts from the field of quantum information theory. In the first part we present a scheme for trapping an atom in its ground state in a cavity, which is basically in the vacuum state. Therefore losses are strongly suppressed. In the second part we investigate the generation of entangled qubits by the sequential coupling of an ancillary system to initially uncorrelated qubits. We characterize all achievable states and give a recipe for the generation on demand of an arbitrary state. In particular we discuss the case of an atom coupled to a cavity as a source. Finally we turn to collective effects in a system of many atoms coupled to the same mode of a cavity and show that they are suitable for the preparation of the atoms in an entangled state.

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This work is about the prospects provided by atoms coupled to optical cavities for the realization of concepts from the field of quantum information theory. In the first part we present a scheme for trapping an atom in its ground state in a cavity, which is basically in the vacuum state. Therefore losses are strongly suppressed. In the second part we investigate the generation of entangled qubits by the sequential coupling of an ancillary system to initially uncorrelated qubits. We characterize all achievable states and give a recipe for the generation on demand of an arbitrary state. In particular we discuss the case of an atom coupled to a cavity as a source. Finally we turn to collective effects in a system of many atoms coupled to the same mode of a cavity and show that they are suitable for the preparation of the atoms in an entangled state.
We consider the deterministic generation of entangled multiqubit states by the sequential coupling of an ancillary system to initially uncorrelated qubits. We characterize all achievable states in terms of classes of matrix-product states and give a recipe for the generation on demand of any multiqubit state. The proposed methods are suitable for any sequential generation scheme, though we focus on streams of single-photon time-bin qubits emitted by an atom coupled to an optical cavity. We show, in particular, how to generate familiar quantum information states such as W, Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger, and cluster states within such a framework.
We propose an optical scheme to generate cluster states of atomic qubits, with each trapped in separate optical cavity, via atom-cavity-laser interaction. The quantum information of each qubit is encoded on the degenerate ground states of the atom, hence the entanglement between them is relatively stable against spontaneous emission. A single-photon source and two classical fields are employed in the present scheme. By controlling the sequence and time of atom-cavity-laser interaction, we show that the atomic cluster states can be produced deterministically.
A protocol is proposed to generate atomic entangled states in a cavity QED system. It utilizes Raman transitions or stimulated Raman adiabatic passages between two systems to entangle the ground states of two three-state ΛΛΛ-type atoms trapped in a single mode cavity. It does not need the measurements on cavity field nor atomic detection and can be implemented in a deterministic fashion. Since the present protocol is insensitive to both cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission, the produced entangled states may have some interesting applications in quantum information processing.