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Acta Physica Sinica

Distribution of electron clouds in the excited atomic state in electron-photon coincidence scattering experiment

Liu Yi-Bao, Pang Wen-Ning, Ding Hai-Bing, Shang Ren-Cheng, (1)清华大学物理系，北京 100084; (2)清华大学物理系，北京 100084;东华理工学院物理系，抚州 344000

Published Jan 1, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on the general theory of the electron-photon coincidence experiment, the S tokes parameters of an excited atomic state were calculated with the distorted w ave Born approximation. According to the correlation between experiment and theo ry, the distribution of electron clouds in an excited atomic state can be descri bed by their orientation and alignment parameters. The values obtained are in g reement with the results of the experiments.

DOI
10.7498/aps.54.3554

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Based on the general theory of the electron-photon coincidence experiment, the S tokes parameters of an excited atomic state were calculated with the distorted w ave Born approximation. According to the correlation between experiment and theo ry, the distribution of electron clouds in an excited atomic state can be descri bed by their orientation and alignment parameters. The values obtained are in g reement with the results of the experiments.
A brief review is given on development of electron-photon coincidence studies from electron impact of atoms. The theory of electron-photon correlations is outlined in detail in terms of cross sections of excited atoms and excited state charge clouds. The state of a target atom is determined by the various orientation and alignment parameters and the multipole moments of the excited atom. General considerations, such as coherence effects in impact excitation, the influence of fine and hyperfine structures in correlations are taken into account. The relationship between scattering amplitudes (including their phases) and target parameters is worked out for singlet and doublet transitions.
We present experimental values of the electron impact coherence parameters (EICP) and reduced Stokes parameters for excitation of 51P1 state of cadmium atoms. The results have been obtained using electron–photon coincidence technique for incident electron energies 80 eV and 60 eV and electron scattering angles in the range of 5° to 50°. We also present an additional set of data for electron energy 100 eV and scattering angle 50° which complements our previous results. All the experimental values are compared with theoretical relativistic distorted-wave approximation (RDWA) calculations. The first Born approximation (FBA) predictions of the alignment angle are also presented. The theoretical results are in good qualitative agreement with the experimental data.
The description of alignment and orientation for collisional excitation of atomic states by electron and heavy-particle impact, including electron transfer processes, is reviewed. For D states, a new parametrization of the excited atomic ensemble is proposed, and the density matrices describing the excited target state and the light emitted in a subsequent optical decay are expressed in terms of the new parameter set. Recipes for performing complete experiments through scattered-particle - multiple-photon coincidence set-ups are discussed. Because of the difficulties associated with such experiments, attention is also given to the generally incomplete case of scattered-particle - one-photon coincidence arrangements. For D-state excitation, it is demonstrated how the new set of parameters allows for a systematic description of the collision process, and provides opportunities for consistency checks.
The coherence analysis technique has been used to determine the state of polarizatitn of 228.8 nm radiation emitted by cadmium atoms excited to 51P1 state by electron impact. Data have been obtained for incident electron energy of 100 eV for scattering angles in the range from 10° to 40°. Reduced Stokes parameters and electron impact coherence parameters (EICP), characterizing the state of the excited atoms immediately after the collision, have been extracted from the measurements and compared with results of relativistic distorted-wave approximation calculations. Theoretical predictions are in good qualitative agreement with experimental values.