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Optical Communication Technology

The characteristics of slow light according to four-wave mixing effect based on SOA

Wei Pan

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

According to four-wave mixing(FWM) effect of semiconductor optical amplifier(SOA),the thesis discusses the time delay characteristics of slow light under different parameter conditions.By applying SOA segment model,the research quantitatively simulates the numerical relations between the delay of slow light and bias current,frequency detuning,as well as pump power.Besides,the research analyzes the influence of the transformation of input pump power and carrier spontaneous radiative lifetime on the operating bandwidth of slow light.The result of the simulation indicates that the delay of slow light can be controlled by adjusting such parameters as frequency detuning,bias current and pump power.Both increasing the pump power and inhibiting the carrier lifetime are able to improve the operating bandwidth.

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 1, 2014•0 citations
According to four-wave mixing(FWM) effect of semiconductor optical amplifier(SOA),the thesis discusses the time delay characteristics of slow light under different parameter conditions.By applying SOA segment model,the research quantitatively simulates the numerical relations between the delay of slow light and bias current,frequency detuning,as well as pump power.Besides,the research analyzes the influence of the transformation of input pump power and carrier spontaneous radiative lifetime on the operating bandwidth of slow light.The result of the simulation indicates that the delay of slow light can be controlled by adjusting such parameters as frequency detuning,bias current and pump power.Both increasing the pump power and inhibiting the carrier lifetime are able to improve the operating bandwidth.
Optoelectronic technology played a pivotal role in the unprecedented information revolution in the past two decades. One of the remaining grand challenges is the ability to store an optical signal in optical format. So slowing down the velocity of light have recently attracted substantial interest. In various mechanisms of slow light generation, semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) attracts much attention because it offers the advantage of compactness, room temperature operation, electric-optical controllable and easy integration with existing optical communication systems. In this paper, slow light generation in SOA using four wave mixing (FWM) effect is analyzed. The dynamic changes of the signal light time delay with the outside controllable parameters, such as the injection current into SOA, the pump light power, the detuning frequency between pump light and signal light, are numerically solved on the basis of the theory of refractive modulation-index and the sub-sections model of SOA. This method has the advantage of accurate simulated results and providing the explicit relationships between the controllable parameters with the signal light time delay for the practical experiment.
In the semiconductor optical amplifer,based on the theory of four wave mixing effect and refractive modulation-index generated by equivalent grating,dynamic changes of the signal light time delay with the outside controllable parameters,such as the injection current into semiconductor optical amplifier(SOA),the pump light power,the detuning frequency between pump light and signal light,were numerically simulated by the method of subsections model of SOA.Compared with the former simulation of slow light from the slow down factor view,this method has the advantage of associating the signal time delay with outside controllable parameters and providing the intuitional guidce for the experiment.Meanwhile,the method by subsections model of SOA has higher accuracy.Compared with the existing experimental results,it indicates that the numerically simulated results agree well with the measurements.
Optical buffer is a key component in all-optical information processing systems. Slow light at room temperature via four-wave mixing in semiconductor an optical amplifier (SOA) is experimentally investigated. Time delay of 0.4 ns is achieved for a sinusoidal modulation signal at 0.1GHz, corresponding to a delay-bandwidth product (DBP) of 0.04. Factors that affect the experimental results are discussed. It is found out that the variable optical delay via four-wave mixing in SOA can be controlled either electrically by changing the SOA bias, or optically by varying the pump power or pump-probe detuning.
Controlling the group velocity of light has great potential applications in future optical communication, photonic computing, and microwave signal processing. These applications have recently triggered immense experimental and theoretical interest in the research community. Numerous studies report large optical delays while sacrificing many important aspects of engineering feasibility: bandwidth, device compactness, room temperature operation, ease of integration, and minimized signal insertion loss. Slow and fast light in the quantum-dot and quantum-well semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) address many of these characteristics. First, this dissertation presents variable slow light in quantum-dot SOAs using population oscillation in an absorptive medium. Bandwidth tuning of slow light is observed with forward and reverse bias of quantum-dots. Second, the study explores four-wave mixing and population oscillation in a quantum-well gain medium. Control of optical advance and bandwidth is achieved by the medium's electrical bias or the optical pump power. Moreover, the fast light in the cascade of N number of quantum-well SOAs is experimentally and theoretically investigated. The cascaded scheme uses SOA-to-SOA attenuators to achieve active delay-bandwidth control. Finally, a large delay-bandwidth scheme is presented in which slow-to-fast light is observed by means of absorption to gain switching. More than a half cycle of tunable delay at 1 GHz bandwidth is achieved at optical frequencies.
The slow light effect in SOAs has many applications in microwave photonics such as phase shifting and filtering. Models are needed to predict slow light in SOAs and its dependence on the bias current, optical power and modulation index. In this paper we predict the slow light characteristics of a tensile-strained SOA by using a detailed time-domain model. The model includes full band-structure based calculations of the material gain, bimolecular recombination and spontaneous emission, a carrier density rate equation and travelling wave equations for the input signal and amplified spontaneous emission. The slow light effect is caused by coherent population oscillations, whereby beating between the spectral components of an amplitude modulated lightwave causes carrier density oscillations at the beat frequency, leading to changes in the group velocity. The resulting beat signal at the SOA output after photodetection, is phase shifted relative to the SOA input beat signal. The phase shift can be adjusted by controlling the optical power and bias current. However the beat signal gain is low at low frequencies, leading to a poor beat signal output signal-to-noise ratio. If the optical input and SOA drive current are simultaneously modulated, this leads to forced population oscillations that greatly enhance the low frequency beat signal gain. The model is used to determine the improvement in gain and phase response and its dependency on the optical power, bias current and modulation index. Model predictions show good agreement with experimental trends reported in the literature.