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ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA

Experimental Investigation of Single-to-Single and Single-to-Doual Channel Wavelength Conversion Between Picosecond Pulses

Qizhen Sun

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
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Abstract

Based on cascaded second-harmonic generation and difference frequency generation (SHG+DFG) in periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguides,tunable wavelength conversion as well as single-to-dual channel wavelength conversion are proposed and experimentally investigated.A picosecond pulsed signal with 40 GHz repetition rate and 1.57 ps pulse width is adopted.The continues wave (CW) pump is provided by use of a fiber ring laser (FRL).Different from the conventional SHG+DFG-based conversion schemes,here the center wavelength of the signal is set at the quasi-phase matching (QPM) wavelength for the SHG process.By adjusting the pump wavelength,a tunable converted output idler wave is achieved.Moreover,single-to-dual channel wavelength conversion is also successfully observed by employing two pumps.

Related papers

Comparison of wavelength conversions based on cascaded second-harmonic generation/difference-frequency generation under continuous-wave and pulsed pumping

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The implementation of wavelength conversion around 1.55 μm in quasi-phase-matched (QPM) periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguides is mostly based on the cascaded second-harmonic generation/difference-frequency generation (SHG/DFG) process. As usual, a continuous wave (CW) and a pulsed wave are injected into a PPLN waveguide. Of them, the pulsed wave is regarded as the information carrier, and the CW is taken as the control. To transfer the information of optical codes from one wavelength to another, the codes can be applied to either the signal (CW-pumped scheme) or the pump (pulse-pumped scheme). In this work, the temporal and spectral properties of wavelength conversions during pulse propagation as well as the conversion efficiency in the two pumping schemes were compared experimentally and theoretically under different conditions of input pulse width, pump power and pump central wavelength. In the experiments, we adopted an MgO-doped PPLN waveguide, and a 40-GHz tunable picosecond-pulse source. The conversion characteristics were systematically investigated when the CW and the pulsed wave were alternatively taken as the pump at the quasi-phase-matching wavelength of the device. In the theory, we solved the coupled-mode equations and explained the physical insights for the numerical results and experimental observations. The conversion properties of the two pumping schemes were quantitatively compared. The simulated results agree well with the experimental data, and the obtained results provide some guidelines for the design and application of QPM waveguides in wavelength conversion.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Sep 11, 2006•0 citations

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We report the single-to-multiple channel wavelength conversions of 1.57-ps pulses based on cascaded second-harmonic generation and difference frequency generation in quasi-phase-matched periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides. For single-to-single channel wavelength conversion, no external cavity laser is required with use of a fibre ring laser. The conversion efficiency is about -21.44 dB. The converted idler wavelength can be tuned from 1526.4 nm to 1537.5 nm as the lasing pump wavelength is varied from 1566.1 nm to 1555.0 nm. By employing several input pumps, tunable single-to-dual and single-to-triple channel wavelength conversions are experimentally demonstrated.

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Optics & Optoelectronic Technology•Jan 1, 2007•0 citations

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Nov 16, 2004•0 citations

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Yeung Lak Lee, Changsoo Jung, Young-Chul Noh +4 more

All-optical wavelength-selective single- and dual-channel wavelength conversion and tuning has been demonstrated in a periodically poled Ti:LiNbO(3) waveguide that has two second-harmonic phase-matching peaks by cascaded sum and difference frequency generation (cSFG/DFG). The wavelength conversion efficiency was measured to be -7 dB with coupled pump power of 233 mW.

Optics Express•Jan 1, 2004•35 citations
Based on cascaded second-harmonic generation and difference frequency generation (SHG+DFG) in periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguides,tunable wavelength conversion as well as single-to-dual channel wavelength conversion are proposed and experimentally investigated.A picosecond pulsed signal with 40 GHz repetition rate and 1.57 ps pulse width is adopted.The continues wave (CW) pump is provided by use of a fiber ring laser (FRL).Different from the conventional SHG+DFG-based conversion schemes,here the center wavelength of the signal is set at the quasi-phase matching (QPM) wavelength for the SHG process.By adjusting the pump wavelength,a tunable converted output idler wave is achieved.Moreover,single-to-dual channel wavelength conversion is also successfully observed by employing two pumps.
The implementation of wavelength conversion around 1.55 μm in quasi-phase-matched (QPM) periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguides is mostly based on the cascaded second-harmonic generation/difference-frequency generation (SHG/DFG) process. As usual, a continuous wave (CW) and a pulsed wave are injected into a PPLN waveguide. Of them, the pulsed wave is regarded as the information carrier, and the CW is taken as the control. To transfer the information of optical codes from one wavelength to another, the codes can be applied to either the signal (CW-pumped scheme) or the pump (pulse-pumped scheme). In this work, the temporal and spectral properties of wavelength conversions during pulse propagation as well as the conversion efficiency in the two pumping schemes were compared experimentally and theoretically under different conditions of input pulse width, pump power and pump central wavelength. In the experiments, we adopted an MgO-doped PPLN waveguide, and a 40-GHz tunable picosecond-pulse source. The conversion characteristics were systematically investigated when the CW and the pulsed wave were alternatively taken as the pump at the quasi-phase-matching wavelength of the device. In the theory, we solved the coupled-mode equations and explained the physical insights for the numerical results and experimental observations. The conversion properties of the two pumping schemes were quantitatively compared. The simulated results agree well with the experimental data, and the obtained results provide some guidelines for the design and application of QPM waveguides in wavelength conversion.
We report the single-to-multiple channel wavelength conversions of 1.57-ps pulses based on cascaded second-harmonic generation and difference frequency generation in quasi-phase-matched periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides. For single-to-single channel wavelength conversion, no external cavity laser is required with use of a fibre ring laser. The conversion efficiency is about -21.44 dB. The converted idler wavelength can be tuned from 1526.4 nm to 1537.5 nm as the lasing pump wavelength is varied from 1566.1 nm to 1555.0 nm. By employing several input pumps, tunable single-to-dual and single-to-triple channel wavelength conversions are experimentally demonstrated.
Wavelength conversion based on the cascaded sum-frequency generation and difference-frequency generation (cSFG+DFG) process in quasi-phase-matched (QPM) periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides has the advantage of no pump occupation in the communication band, compared to the traditional cascaded second-harmonic generation (SHG) and DFG process. In cSFG+DFG-based wavelength conversion, two pump waves and a signal wave are required. The input pulse train, as a carrier of information, can be applied to either the signal or one of the two pump waves. Though the converted wave is in the form of pulses, its temporal and spectral characteristics are dependent on the arrangement of the pulsed wave. In this work, we target the wavelength conversion of 40-GHz picosecond pulse trains, and systematically analyze the temporal and spectral characteristics of the pump, signal, converted, and sum-frequency waves during their propagations in PPLN waveguides by using numerical simulation. In particular, pulse shapes, optical spectra, phases and conversion efficiency are compared when the picosecond pulse train is used as the signal and pump waves, respectively.
The principle of all-optical wavelength conversion based on the cascaded sum and difference frequency generation (SFG+DFG) in quasi-phase-matched (QPM) periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguides is introduced. The conversion efficiency of the wavelength converter is calculated. The influences of the powers and span of two pumps on the conversion efficiency are analyzed. Bandwidth of one pump wavelength is discussed. The tuning is about 0.5 nm. The signal pulse width is compressed about 0.68 times.
Cascaded second-order nonlinear interaction (&chi(2));based wavelength conversion technique has attracted much attention due to its unique characteristics such as low noise and broadband, which are critical in fiber communication networks. In this report, wavelength conversions based on the newly proposed SFG-DFG (sum frequency generation - difference frequency generation) and conventional SHG-DFG (second harmonic generation - difference frequency generation) are studied and compared both experimentally and theoretically in a LiNbO3 quasi-phase matched (QPM) waveguide. It is shown that the same conversion efficiency can be achieved by employing two pump sources with only half power each (P1, P2) in the SFG-DFG scheme as compared with the SHG-DFG scheme with a single higher power pump beam (P=P1+P2). It is shown that the cascaded SFG-DFG based wavelength conversion has a larger 3-dB pump tolerance bandwidth. The theoretical results are consistent well with the experimental ones. It is found that the pump wavelength difference can be separated by a span as large as 75 nm, while 3-dB signal conversion efficiency is retained in a 45 mm-long device. It is also exhibited that tolerance of temperature for the cascaded SFG-DFG remains the same as that of the cascaded SHG-DFG based devices. The results show that the SFG-DFG wavelength conversion scheme is very attractive for practical applications.