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Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

Cavity QED technology in quantum information

Yang Ming

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In the realm of quantum information, cavity QED is the most effective scheme that can realize the quantum information process. In cavity QED, the core is the interaction between atoms and cavity modes. Based on the frequencies of atomic transitions and cavity modes, we can divide the interaction into two different kinds, one is the resonant interaction where the atomic transition frequency is equal to cavity mode frequency, the other is the large-detuned interaction where the atomic transition frequency is large detuned from the cavity mode frequency. From the two different kinds of interaction we all can prepare entangled states, teleport unknown states and realize the quantum logic gates. By comparison, we conclude that the large-detuned interaction scheme would become a promising scheme, and would make the realization of quantum network and quantum computer possible in the near future.

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In the realm of quantum information, cavity QED is the most effective scheme that can realize the quantum information process. In cavity QED, the core is the interaction between atoms and cavity modes. Based on the frequencies of atomic transitions and cavity modes, we can divide the interaction into two different kinds, one is the resonant interaction where the atomic transition frequency is equal to cavity mode frequency, the other is the large-detuned interaction where the atomic transition frequency is large detuned from the cavity mode frequency. From the two different kinds of interaction we all can prepare entangled states, teleport unknown states and realize the quantum logic gates. By comparison, we conclude that the large-detuned interaction scheme would become a promising scheme, and would make the realization of quantum network and quantum computer possible in the near future.
We present a scheme for transferring an unknown atomic entangled state via atom-cavity field interaction.This proposal,which has success probability of unit,is mainly employing two atoms for receiving the teleported state,and a two-mode cavity as the quantum channel.The two modes of the cavity have different frequencies and polarizations.So the two modes are distinguished by their frequencies and their orthogonal polarizations,hence they occupy distinct regions in the cavity.The atom interacts resonantly with the mode of the cavity according to the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian,and when interaction between the atom and one of the two modes takes place,the other mode remains unaffected.This scheme does not require Bell-state measurement and any operations to reconstruct the initial state.This scheme can also be extended to transfer entangled state of N-atom.
A two-qubit quantum swap gate scheme based on coherent state qubit is proposed in cavity quantum electrodynamics system. Our scheme adopt the interaction between the Λ-type atomic ensemble and the two-mode optical cavity, and the swap gate can be realized directly only one step, so as to save a lot of quantum resources and reduce the number of single qubit rotation operations in the actual quantum information processing. It is found that under the condition of large detuning limit, the excited states of atoms are adiabatically eliminated, and the decoherence caused by the spontaneous emission of atoms is effectively suppressed. All atoms in the optical cavity are universally addressed, which reduces the experimental operation difficulty of the scheme. The fidelity of the quantum logic gate is maintained at a very high level when the photon loss of the cavity field is considered. Compared with the single-atom scheme, it is found that the atom-cavity interaction time required by the atomic ensemble scheme is inversely proportional to the number of atoms, so that the speed of the quantum logic gate can be increased by N times. Therefore, in principle, as long as enough atoms interacting with the optical field, an effective coupling of any atom-cavity field can be generated, which is conducive to selecting the appropriate quantum gate operation time in practical operation and effectively avoiding decoherence.
W state is a key resource in quantum communication. Fusion technology has been proven to be a good candidate for preparing a large-size W state from two or more small-size W states in linear optical system. It is of great importance to study how to fuse W states via light-matter interface. Here we show that it is possible to prepare large-size W-state networks using a fusion mechanism in cavity QED system. The detuned interaction between three atoms and a vacuum cavity mode constitute the main fusion mechanism, based on which two or three small-size atomic W states can be fused into a larger-size W state. If no excitation is detected from those three atoms, the remaining atoms are still in the product of two or three new W states, which can be re-fused. The complicated Fredkin gate used in the previous fusion schemes is avoided here. W states of size 2 can be fused as well. The feasibility analysis shows that our fusion processes maybe implementable with the current technology. Our results demonstrate how the light-matter interaction based fusion mechanism can be realized, and may become the starting point for the fusion of multipartite entanglement in cavity QED system.
W state is a key resource in quantum communication. Fusion technology has been proven to be a good candidate for preparing a large-size W state from two or more small-size W states in linear optical system. It is of great importance to study how to fuse W states via light-matter interface. Here we show that it is possible to prepare large-size W-state networks using a fusion mechanism in cavity QED system. The detuned interaction between three atoms and a vacuum cavity mode constitute the main fusion mechanism, based on which two or three small-size atomic W states can be fused into a larger-size W state. If no excitation is detected from those three atoms, the remaining atoms are still in the product of two or three new W states, which can be re-fused. The complicated Fredkin gate used in the previous fusion schemes is avoided here. W states of size 2 can be fused as well. The feasibility analysis shows that our fusion processes maybe implementable with the current technology. Our results demonstrate how the light-matter interaction based fusion mechanism can be realized, and may become the starting point for the fusion of multipartite entanglement in cavity QED system.
Recently Yang, Chu, and Han [Phys. Rev. A 70 (2004) 022329] presented a new type of multipartite entangled states for implementing efficient many-party controlled teleportation of multiqubit quantum information. Here we propose a simple scheme for preparing such a type of multi-atom entangled states in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). The scheme involves atom-cavity interaction with large detuning, and is immune to the cavity decay and the thermal field states. Some practical analyses show its availability with the present technology.