Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Jisuanji gongcheng

Fair Document Exchange Protocol with Confidentiality

Xiaoxin Ye, Zhenfu Cao, Xiaohui Liang

Published Jan 1, 2009• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

The paper proposes a new fair document exchange protocol.In such a fair exchange scenario,each party owns a valuable secret message and they want to exchange their secrets in a fairness way so that at the end of the transaction,either both of them get the other’s secret or neither of them gets the other’s secret.Compared with previous fair exchange protocols,the protocol holds confidentiality,that is,except the two participating party,no one even the Trusted Third Party(TTP) can get exchanged items.

Related papers

Efficient and practical fair exchange protocols with off-line TTP

Feng Bao, Robert Huijie Deng, Wenbo Mao

We present protocols for fair exchange of electronic data (digital signatures, payment and confidential data) between two parties A and B. Novel properties of the proposed protocols include: 1) offline trusted third party (TTP), i.e., TTP does not take part in the exchange unless one of the parties behaves improperly; 2) only three message exchanges are required in the normal situation; 3) true fair exchange, i.e., either A and B obtain each other's data or no party receives anything useful; no loss can be incurred to a party no matter how maliciously the other party behaves during the exchange. This last property is in contrast to previously proposed protocols with offline TTP ([1] and [21]), where a misbehaving party may get another party's data while refusing to send his document to the other party, and the TTP can provide affidavits attesting to what happened during the exchange. To our knowledge, the protocols presented here are the first exchange protocols which use offline TTP and at the same time guarantee true fair exchange of digital messages. We introduce a novel cryptographic primitive, called the Certificate of Encrypted Message Being a Signature (CEMBS), as the basic building block of the fair exchange protocols. It is used to prove that an encrypted message is a certain party's signature on a public file, without revealing the signature. We also give two examples to show in detail how the certificate can be constructed.

IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P)•Nov 27, 2002•295 citations

Novel fair exchange protocol based on concurrent signature

Yang Yi-xian

Based on perfect concurrent signature, a novel fair exchange protocol was presented. In this protocol anyone can’t identify who has signed which signature when two parties have exchanged their two ambiguous signatures and rela- tive data items. Not until the initial signer publishes a secret information, are the two signatures bound to respective signer concurrently. After that, the other party sends the key of decrypting goods, and thus the two parties can fairly get each other’s data items without the trusted third party (TTP), which avoids the possibility of two parties’ collusion and the bottleneck of the TTP involvement. Through analysis, this protocol well ensures some significant properties of fair ex- change, such as fairness, non-repudiation and abuse-free etc. What’s more, it only needs four messages between two par- ties and it is very simple and highly efficient.

Journal of Communications•Jan 1, 2008•2 citations

A multiparty fair-exchange protocol

Zhengquan Li

Based on the secret sharing technique,this paper proposes a multi-party fair exchange protocol.The protocol uses an online trusted third party(TTP) in order to help the participants to realize fair exchange.The advantage of a protocol implemented with an online TTP is that the TTP is semi-trusted.Fairness of the proposed protocol is proved in this paper.

Journal of Yangzhou University•Jan 1, 2008•0 citations

Provable Fair Document Exchange Protocol with Transaction Privacy for E-Commerce

Ren-Junn Hwang, Chih-Hua Lai

Transaction privacy has attracted a lot of attention in the e-commerce. This study proposes an efficient and provable fair document exchange protocol with transaction privacy. Using the proposed protocol, any untrusted parties can fairly exchange documents without the assistance of online, trusted third parties. Moreover, a notary only notarizes each document once. The authorized document owner can exchange a notarized document with different parties repeatedly without disclosing the origin of the document or the identities of transaction participants. Security and performance analyses indicate that the proposed protocol not only provides strong fairness, non-repudiation of origin, non-repudiation of receipt, and message confidentiality, but also enhances forward secrecy, transaction privacy, and authorized exchange. The proposed protocol is more efficient than other works.

Symmetry•Apr 28, 2015•14 citations

Multi-party fair exchange protocol with an Off-line Semi-Trust Third Party

Yang Zhao, Zhiguang Qin, Tian Lan +2 more

A multi-party fair exchange protocol is a cryptographic protocol allowing several parties to exchange electronic items in such a way that everyone gives an item away if and only if it receives an item in return. In this paper, we present a new multi-party fair exchange protocol with an Off-line Semi-Trust Third Party (OSTTP). The new protocol can ensure strong fairness and the OSTTP can't get the exchanged secrets without conspiring with any participants.

International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems•Jul 1, 2007•0 citations

Fair Exchange Protocol with Distributed Semi-trusted Third Party

Futai Zhang

The techniques of verifiable secret sharing and verifiable encryption are used in the construction of two party fair exchange protocols.The novelty of the construction lies in the introduction of the distributed semi-trusted third party.Compared to the previous fair exchange protocols with a single semi-trusted third party,the newly constructed fair exchange protocol can further guarantee the security and fairness of the transaction due to the existence of the distributed semi-trusted third party.

Jisuanji gongcheng•Jan 1, 2006•0 citations
The paper proposes a new fair document exchange protocol.In such a fair exchange scenario,each party owns a valuable secret message and they want to exchange their secrets in a fairness way so that at the end of the transaction,either both of them get the other’s secret or neither of them gets the other’s secret.Compared with previous fair exchange protocols,the protocol holds confidentiality,that is,except the two participating party,no one even the Trusted Third Party(TTP) can get exchanged items.
We present protocols for fair exchange of electronic data (digital signatures, payment and confidential data) between two parties A and B. Novel properties of the proposed protocols include: 1) offline trusted third party (TTP), i.e., TTP does not take part in the exchange unless one of the parties behaves improperly; 2) only three message exchanges are required in the normal situation; 3) true fair exchange, i.e., either A and B obtain each other's data or no party receives anything useful; no loss can be incurred to a party no matter how maliciously the other party behaves during the exchange. This last property is in contrast to previously proposed protocols with offline TTP ([1] and [21]), where a misbehaving party may get another party's data while refusing to send his document to the other party, and the TTP can provide affidavits attesting to what happened during the exchange. To our knowledge, the protocols presented here are the first exchange protocols which use offline TTP and at the same time guarantee true fair exchange of digital messages. We introduce a novel cryptographic primitive, called the Certificate of Encrypted Message Being a Signature (CEMBS), as the basic building block of the fair exchange protocols. It is used to prove that an encrypted message is a certain party's signature on a public file, without revealing the signature. We also give two examples to show in detail how the certificate can be constructed.
Based on perfect concurrent signature, a novel fair exchange protocol was presented. In this protocol anyone can’t identify who has signed which signature when two parties have exchanged their two ambiguous signatures and rela- tive data items. Not until the initial signer publishes a secret information, are the two signatures bound to respective signer concurrently. After that, the other party sends the key of decrypting goods, and thus the two parties can fairly get each other’s data items without the trusted third party (TTP), which avoids the possibility of two parties’ collusion and the bottleneck of the TTP involvement. Through analysis, this protocol well ensures some significant properties of fair ex- change, such as fairness, non-repudiation and abuse-free etc. What’s more, it only needs four messages between two par- ties and it is very simple and highly efficient.
Transaction privacy has attracted a lot of attention in the e-commerce. This study proposes an efficient and provable fair document exchange protocol with transaction privacy. Using the proposed protocol, any untrusted parties can fairly exchange documents without the assistance of online, trusted third parties. Moreover, a notary only notarizes each document once. The authorized document owner can exchange a notarized document with different parties repeatedly without disclosing the origin of the document or the identities of transaction participants. Security and performance analyses indicate that the proposed protocol not only provides strong fairness, non-repudiation of origin, non-repudiation of receipt, and message confidentiality, but also enhances forward secrecy, transaction privacy, and authorized exchange. The proposed protocol is more efficient than other works.
The techniques of verifiable secret sharing and verifiable encryption are used in the construction of two party fair exchange protocols.The novelty of the construction lies in the introduction of the distributed semi-trusted third party.Compared to the previous fair exchange protocols with a single semi-trusted third party,the newly constructed fair exchange protocol can further guarantee the security and fairness of the transaction due to the existence of the distributed semi-trusted third party.