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Harbin Ligong Daxue xuebao

Beam Splitter Eavesdropping Model Based on Single-photon Sources with Poisson Distribution

Zhang Cheng-lon

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In order to avoid beam splitter( BS) eavesdropping problem during quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit,the single-photon sources with Poisson distribution are analyzed,the theoretical model of quantum bit rate is established and the expression of eavesdropping ratio in BS eavesdropping is given. The BS eavesdropping is analyzed for quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit. The results show that mean photon number per pulse can be optimized and that eavesdropping ratio is on the order of 10- 4,and by error detection and privacy amplification,the information gained by an eavesdropper can be reduced to less than 1 bit. This means that it is feasible to implement quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit. Security can be guaranteed in a high quantum bit exchanging rate system.

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In order to avoid beam splitter( BS) eavesdropping problem during quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit,the single-photon sources with Poisson distribution are analyzed,the theoretical model of quantum bit rate is established and the expression of eavesdropping ratio in BS eavesdropping is given. The BS eavesdropping is analyzed for quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit. The results show that mean photon number per pulse can be optimized and that eavesdropping ratio is on the order of 10- 4,and by error detection and privacy amplification,the information gained by an eavesdropper can be reduced to less than 1 bit. This means that it is feasible to implement quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit. Security can be guaranteed in a high quantum bit exchanging rate system.
Highly attenuated laser pulses with Poisson distribution are used as single-photon sources and the BB84 and B92 protocols are used for free-space quantum key distribution.By introducing the quantum channel transmission,the single-photon acquisition probability,the measuring factor and the sifting factor,the theoretical model of the quantum bit error rate was established and the expressions of the quantum bit error rate were given.The main factors that cause the quantum bit error rate are the optical elements,the detector dark noise and the space optical environment and these factors were analyzed.The quantum bit error rate was analyzed in the numerical simulation for the laser links between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit.The results show that it is feasible to implement quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit and that it is the detector dark noise and the space optical environment that limit the link distance for free-space quantum key distribution.
Quantum bit error rate is an important operating parameter in quantum key distribution.As to the satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution,the highly attenuated laser pulses with Poisson distribution are used as single-photon sources.The theoretical model of the quantum bit error rate caused by the background light is established and the expressions of the quantum bit error rate are given.The quantum bit error rate is analyzed in the numerical simulation for the laser links between a ground station and a 300km altitude satellite in a low earth orbit.The study shows that the background light is one of the main factors that limit the link distance for free-space quantum key distribution,and that it is feasible to implement quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit.In daylight,the quantum bit error rate is on the order of 10-3～10-2,at night,10-4 during a full moon and 10-6～10-5 during a new moon.
The quantum bit rate is an important operating parameter in free-space quantum key distribution. We introduce the measuring factor and the sifting factor, and present the expressions of the quantum bit rate based on the ideal single-photon sources and the single-photon sources with Poisson distribution. The quantum bit rate is studied in the numerical simulation for the laser links between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit. The results show that it is feasible to implement quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit.
The expressions of the quantum key bit rate are given for free-space quantum key distribution by introducing the quantum channel transmission, the single-photon acquisition probability, the detection factor and the sifting factor. The quantum key bit rate is studied in the numerical simulation for the laser links between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit. The results show that it is feasible to implement quantum key distribution between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit.
The expressions of single-photon acquisition probability are deduced from TEM10 mode Laguerre-Gaussian beams. Single-photon acquisition is analyzed for the links between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit. The results show that single-photon can be acquired by the receiver on the satellite at the maximum probability if highly attenuated laser pulses based on TEM10 mode Laguerre-Gaussian beams are used as single-photon sources and a bright precursor reference pulse can be used to set a short time window. Single-photon acquisition probability is normal on the order of 10-1~10-3. In comparison with the fundamental-mode Gaussian beam, the TEM10 mode Laguerre- Gaussian beams have an advantage because the losses of single-photon acquisition probability can not be caused by the satellite movement. Atmospheric turbulence is considered and the expressions of single- photon acquisition probability are modified.
The expressions of single-photon acquisition probability in free-space quantum key distribution were deduced based on TEM10 mode Laguerre-Gaussian beams.The single-photon acquisition was analyzed for the laser link between a ground station and a satellite in a low earth orbit.The results show that single-photon can be acquired by the receiver in the satellite with maximum probability if highly attenuated laser pulses based on TEM10 mode Laguerre-Gaussian beams are used as single-photon sources and a bright precursor reference pulse is used to set a short time window for the single-photon acquisition.Unlike the fundamental-mode Gaussian beam,the TEM10 mode Laguerre-Gaussian beam does not cause the single-photon acquisition probability losses due to the movement of satellites.