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Journal of Hengyang Normal University

Progress in Quantum Computer Research

Gao Feng

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The paper,from the basic principle of quantum mechanics,introduced the basic concept of quantum computation,then introduced some proposed methods of realization and application of the quantum computer.These includeion traps,cavity-QED,nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum dots,The experimental progress in the field was also introduced.

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Quantum computing represents a paradigm shift in computation, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics to process information in ways that classical computers cannot. This paper explores the applications and physical realizations of quantum computing, highlighting both theoretical advancements and experimental progress. Quantum algorithms promise to revolutionize fields such as cryptography, artificial intelligence, material science, and optimization. The physical realization of quantum computers remains a significant challenge, with multiple approaches being explored including superconducting qubits, trapped ions, and quantum dots. This paper discusses these advancements in detail, assessing both the opportunities and the obstacles that lie ahead for quantum computing. A roadmap for future research and development is also proposed
This article reviews the development of studies on quantum computers.It emphasizes that realizing large-scale quantum computing and quantum simulation for strongly correlated many body systems is the main trend of development of quantum computation.In the main part of this article,we introduce the development of hardware of quantum computers.We focus on some qubit systems with scalability:quantum dots,superconducting Josephson junction,ion trap,and cavity QED,generally, which are considered as main candidates of physical realizations for quantum computers.Studies on those systems are attracting primary experimental groups in the field of quantum computation.We review the main advances in characterizing and manipulating qubits in those systems.We also highlight some difficulties for realizing large-scale quantum computing and some potential solving methods.
A review of the principles of operation of quantum computers and their elements is presented. The radical advantage of quantum algorithms for processing information over the classical ones is discussed, quantum entanglement is considered as the basic resource of quantum computations, and the most promising and interesting proposals on realization of quantum computers on the basis of trapped ions, nuclear spins, quantum dots, superconducting structures, and others are described. This review reflects the materials of the report presented at the scientific session of the Department of Nanotechnologies and Information Technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences on February 25, 2010.