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Journal of Kashgar Teachers College

Studies of Vector Potential in the Electromagnetic Field

Guo Liang

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

For the property physics of vector potential,is analysed and discussed,point out that different gauge takes off the discrepancy on vector potential property,at the same time have explained that vector potential have definite physical effect in quantum theory.

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All sorts of elecrtomagnetic Potential are discussed.The range of applications of electric potenlial,magnetic scalar potential,vector potentiol,scalar potential,retarded potential,coulombic potential,electromagnetic potential are analysed,and point out their differences and relations. It is emphasized that retarded potential of kinetic charges is not quited right.The vector potential Ais a kind of physics reality,not only a mathematical method in quantum mechanics.The physics effect of A—AB effect can be obserred and measured.
The most popular interpretation of the Aharonov–Bohm (AB) effect is that the electromagnetic potential locally affects the complex phase of a charged particle’s wave function in the magnetic field free region. However, since the vector potential is a gauge-variant quantity, multiple researchers suspect that it is just a convenient tool for calculating the force field. This motivates them to explain the AB effect without using the vector potential, which inevitably leads to some sort of non-locality. This frustrating situation is shortly summarized by the statement by Aharonov et al. that the AB effect may be due to a local gauge potential or due to non-local gauge-invariant fields. In the present paper, we shall give several convincing arguments which support the viewpoint that the vector potential is not just a convenient mathematical tool with little physical entity. Despite its gauge arbitrariness, the vector potential certainly contains a gauge-invariant piece, which solely explains the observed AB phase shift. Importantly, this component has a property such that it is basically unique and cannot be eliminated by any regular gauge transformations. To complete the discussion, we also discuss the role of remaining gauge arbitrariness still contained in the entire vector potential.
An explicit physical interpretation of the electromagnetic vector potential is here pointed out—as field momentum available for exchange with kinetic momenta of charged matter. It is shown that the vector potential can be quite as directly measurable, without recourse to only quantum-mechanical effects, as are scalar potential differences and the force fields E, B. This suggests, in keeping with quantum electrodynamics, that the equations for potentials may be regarded as more ’’basic’’ than the Maxwell equations—but only because the potentials most directly represent interaction energy-momenta through which fields and charges become observable.