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Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

Atom laser gyroscope

Zhou Hong-jin

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The paper introduced the forming mechanism of Bose-Einstein condensate, illustrated the principle and progress of the manufacture of atom laser based on the laser cooling technology with emphasis on atom laser gyroscope, and gave the explanation of 1010 theoretical sensitivity of the atom laser relative to the optical gyroscope. At last, the paper introduced the research status of atom laser gyro abroad and some atom laser prototype under experiment phase.

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The paper introduced the forming mechanism of Bose-Einstein condensate, illustrated the principle and progress of the manufacture of atom laser based on the laser cooling technology with emphasis on atom laser gyroscope, and gave the explanation of 1010 theoretical sensitivity of the atom laser relative to the optical gyroscope. At last, the paper introduced the research status of atom laser gyro abroad and some atom laser prototype under experiment phase.
With the progress of laser cooling and other atom optics technologies, the cold atom interferometry gyroscope based on cold atom wave is developing rapidly, and it promises to be a novel gyroscope technology in inertial navigation areas. The research status of cold atom interferometry gyroscope and the principle of atom interferometry are introduced, and a comparative analysis of the characteristics among the three distinct types of cold atom interferometry gyroscopes in Stanford University, Observatoire de Paris and Hanover University is carried out. The improving schemes and developing prospects of cold atom interferometry gyroscope are discussed by focusing on its current limitations, aiming at its wider application in inertial navigation fields.
Vortex nucleation is the key technology to realize quantum gyroscope in Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC). Through mass investigation and research, the recent research status of vortex nucleation in Bose-Einstein Condensates is presented, the theory and experimentation about imprinting phase, rotating the potential trap and transferring the orbital angular momentum of a photon to generate BEC vortex are analyzed and compared in detail, furthermore, an improved method of rotating the potential trap to generate vortex is proposed. Quantum gyroscope based on BEC vortex has the potential advantages of realizing the ultra high sensitivity and small volume of quantum gyroscope. This paper aims to promote the development of quantum vortex gyroscope, which attracts extensive attention of domestic scholars.
Atomic gyroscopes can be used to measure carrier's rotation information by atomic spin or Sagnac interference effect, which have the characteristics of high precision, small volume, and so on. In the first part, atomic gyroscopes are discussed with their principles, and recent research statues. In the second part, it is presented that the progress of nuclear magnetic resonance gyro (NMRG), spin-exchange relaxation free gyro (SERFG) and cold atomic interferometer gyro (CAIG) have been achieved in Beijing institute of control devices (BICD). For the NMRG, the key technologies are introduced, which include long relaxation time of small sized vapor cell manufacture, non-magnetic electronic heating system, static magnetic field stabling with double working materials, and the frequency of the laser stabling. The research achievements of NMRG in BICD are presented that, the Earth's Rotary Rate (ERR) has been sensed, the bias drift is better than 3°/h(1 σ). For the SERFG, the key technologies are introduced about high pressure vapor cell manufacture, and nuclear magnetic field compensation. The SERFG prototype in BICD is shown. For the CAIG, the key technologies are introduced about cold atoms maintaining in free space, chip for atoms manufacture, Raman pulse preparation, and cold atoms interference. The research achievements of CAIG in BICD are presented that the temperature of the cold atomic cluster achieved to 3 μ K, the number of the atoms in the cluster reaches 107. At last, the future applications and the development trends of atomic inertial systems are prospected with the remarkable performance of NMRG, SERFG, and CAIG.
This paper presents the recent research status of quantum gyroscope and superfluid gyroscope based on the new physical effects of cryogenic Bose-Einstein condensation.The physical effects,operating principles and technical status of the two new types of gyroscopes were described.The quantum gyroscope is based on the Sagnac effect of mater wave,and its precision is several orders higher than that of optical gyroscope.The superfluid gyroscope is based on the superfluid’s low-viscosity and the quantum’s vortex properties,and can obtain super-high precision in principle.At last,the paper analyzes the development prospect of the two types of gyroscopes.
With high precision and sensitivity, quantum gyroscope has become a research hotspot of inertial technology in recent years. Because the Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) in atomic gas has more condensate atoms, atomic gas is pure and thin, and there is no friction in atoms, the matter–wave gyroscopy with counter-rotating vortex superpositions has great potential of higher sensitivity, higher precision, and miniaturization. The basic mechanism and sensitivity of the matter– wave gyroscopy with counter-rotating vortex superpositions were analyzed, and the interaction between superposition of vortex beams and BEC atomic gases were studied, it is Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP). In the study, the outstanding issue that the gyroscopy is difficult to obtain stable vortices with high order orbital angular momentum was clarified by theoretical derivation on the base of Gross-Pitaevskii equation which is the basic equation in BEC. For solving the above problems, the scheme which is easy to achieve based on Sombrero potential trap was proposed.