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Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics

Dynamic light storage in coherently induced cavity of cold atoms

Ying Han

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

By applying a traveling-wave coupling field,a standing-wave grating field,and a static magnetic field to a cold atomic ensemble,a dynamically controlled cavity consisting of two Bragg regions of high reflection and an electromagnetically induced transparency region with high transmission is realized.With modulating all the three fields in time,a weak probe pulse is sent into the coherently induced optical cavity to achieve several periodic oscillations and then it is retrieved after a short time.This physical phenomenon is accompanied with little energy loss and can be regarded as an efficient scheme for dynamic light storage.This paper simulates the dynamic light storage scheme,discusses numerically its advantages and presents the developing trend of the scheme.

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By applying a traveling-wave coupling field,a standing-wave grating field,and a static magnetic field to a cold atomic ensemble,a dynamically controlled cavity consisting of two Bragg regions of high reflection and an electromagnetically induced transparency region with high transmission is realized.With modulating all the three fields in time,a weak probe pulse is sent into the coherently induced optical cavity to achieve several periodic oscillations and then it is retrieved after a short time.This physical phenomenon is accompanied with little energy loss and can be regarded as an efficient scheme for dynamic light storage.This paper simulates the dynamic light storage scheme,discusses numerically its advantages and presents the developing trend of the scheme.
We demonstrate a coherent and dynamic beam splitter based on light storage in cold atoms. An input weak laser pulse is first stored in a cold atom ensemble via electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT). A set of counter-propagating control fields, applied at a later time, retrieves the stored pulse into two output spatial modes. The high visibility interference between the two output pulses clearly demonstrates that the beam splitting process is coherent. Furthermore, by manipulating the control lasers, it is possible to dynamically control the storage time, the power splitting ratio, the relative phase, and the optical frequencies of the output pulses. With further improvements, the active beam splitter demonstrated in this work might have applications in photonic photonic quantum information and in all-optical information processing.
We show how to realize in a cold atomic sample a dynamic magneto-optically controlled cavity in which a slow-light pulse can be confined and released on demand. The probe optical pulse is retrieved from the atomic spin coherence initially stored within the cavity and is subsequently confined there subject to a slow-light regime with little loss and diffusion for time intervals as long as a few hundred microseconds before being extracted from either side of the cavity. Our proof-of-principle scheme illustrates the underlying physics of this new mechanism for coherent light confinement and manipulation in cold atoms. This may ease the realization of nonlinear interactions between weak light pulses where strong atom-photon interactions are required for quantum information processing.
We performed an experiment to observe the storage of an input probe field and an idler field generated through an off-axis four-wave mixing (FWM) process via a double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration in a cold atomic ensemble. We analyzed the underlying physics in detail and found that the retrieved idler field came from two parts if there was no single-photon detuning for the pump pulse: Part 1 was from the collective atomic spin (the input probe field, the coupling field, and the pump field combined to generate the idler field through FWM; then the idler was stored through electromagnetically induced transparency). Part 2 was from the generated new FWM process during the retrieval process (the retrieved probe field, the coupling field, and the pump field combined to generate a new FWM signal). If there was single-photon detuning for the pump pulse, then the retrieved idler was mainly from part 2. The retrieved two fields exhibited damped oscillations with the same oscillatory period when a homogeneous external magnetic field was applied, which was caused by the Larmor spin precession. We also experimentally realized the storage and retrieval of an image of light using FWM, in which an image was added into the input signal. After the storage, the retrieved idler beams and input signal carried the same image. This image storage technique holds promise for applications in image processing, remote sensing, and quantum communication.
We theoretically studied the implementation of a quantum memory and an optical transistor in a system composed by a single atom trapped inside a high finesse cavity. In order to store and map the quantum state of an input pulse onto internal states of the single atom (quantum memory) we employ the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon (which can work out as an optical transistor) where the information can be transferred to the dark state of the atom modelled by a three-level system in a Λ-type configuration. In our model we consider a suitable temporal shape for the control field that ensures the adiabaticity of the storage process and retrieval of the probe pulse. The dynamic of the field inside the cavity was obtained by master equation approach, while the outside field was calculated by input-output formalism. We have analysed two different setups: i) two-sided and ii) single-sided cavities. While the first setup is the most appropriate and commonly used to observe cavity-EIT in the transmission spectrum, thus the best configuration for the optical transistor, the maximum quantum memory efficiency can not reach reasonable values, being limited to 50% for symmetric cavities. On the other hand, with single-sided cavity the quantum memory efficiency increases considerably and can reach values close to 100% in the strong atom-field coupling regime. However this specific setup is not favourable to observe the cavity-EIT effect in the transmission spectrum and then it is not appropriate to control the transmission of light pulses.
We analytically and numerically investigate a signal light storing mechanism based on the controllable electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect. We demonstrate that the isolation between the waveguide and the cavities cannot be achieved instantly as soon as the two cavities are tuned into resonance, no matter the index tuning rate is ultrafast or slow. We also investigate the temporal evolution features of the intracavity energy when the pulse during time is prolonged. We find many periodical oscillations of the trapped energy in both cavities, and they are entirely complementary. Our analysis shows that the adiabatic wavelength conversion in both cavities and a phase difference π between them play critical roles in this phenomenon.
The broadband parametric fluorescence pulse (probe light) with center frequency resonant on the 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb D1{D}_{1}D1​ line was injected into a cold atomic ensemble with coherent light (control light). Due to the low gain in the parametric down conversion process, the probe light was in a highly bunched photon-pair state. By switching off the control light, the probe light within the electromagnetically induced transparency window was mapped on the atoms. When the control light was switched on, the probe light was retrieved and frequency-filtered storage was confirmed from the superbunching effect and an increase of the coherence time of the retrieved light.