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Journal of Guangxi University

Superposition of excited coherent states and their non-classical properties

Lan Hai-jiang

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The superposition of excited coherent states was constructed by superpositioning two excited coherent states of the same intensity and mutual phase conjugation,and their Wigner functions,second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors were calculated,upon which their non-classical properties were analyzed.The numerical results show that,the Wigner functions of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors are both less than 1.Hence,the research shows that the quasi-probability distribution of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their light field has anti-bunching effects,with the distribution of photon number being of sub-Poisson distribution.Therefore,these superposition states are quantum states with non-classical properties.

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The superposition of excited coherent states was constructed by superpositioning two excited coherent states of the same intensity and mutual phase conjugation,and their Wigner functions,second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors were calculated,upon which their non-classical properties were analyzed.The numerical results show that,the Wigner functions of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors are both less than 1.Hence,the research shows that the quasi-probability distribution of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their light field has anti-bunching effects,with the distribution of photon number being of sub-Poisson distribution.Therefore,these superposition states are quantum states with non-classical properties.
New states of electromagnetic field, generalized excited negative binomial states are introduced here. These states interpolate between the superposition of two excited coherent states and number states. The non-classical properties for these states are discussed, such as, second order correlation function, squeezing phenomena [normal squeezing and amplitude squared squeezing], phase properties in Pegg–Barnett formalism and the quasi-probability distribution functions (Q-function and Wigner function).
By using the expression of second-order coherence degree and Wigner function in Fock presentation,the second-order coherence degrees and the Wigner functions of the eigenstates of annihilation operator a3 were calculated.Based on the anti-bunching effect and the distributions of Wigner functions,the nonclassical properties of these eigenstates were analyzed.The numerical results show that these eigenstates produce anti-bunching effect,and their relevant Wigner functions can be negative in phase spaces,which indicates that the eigenstates of annihilation operator a3 are non-classical states.
The superposition of excited double-mode SU(2) coherent state |ψ=Cm(|M,ξ;m+ei|M,ξ*;m) is constructed and its quantum statistical properties are investigated with numeric method.The results exhibit that when the photons are added to the mode b of the double mode SU(2) coherent state,the two field modes can preserve anti-relation character,and presents a special effect of light amplification;the sub-Poissonian photon statistics properties of mode b is obvious enhanced and that of mode a is slightly weakened;anti-bunching effect of two modes of field are all enhanced,but as the quantum number of excitation m is increased,the anti-relation character of the two modes of field is weakened.
The quantum statistical properties of the superposition state, which involve two arbitrary coherent states |β〉 and |mβeiδ〉, are investigated from two aspects, such as the phase distribution and Winger function. The results show that the non-classical properties of the superposition state depend on β2, amplitude coefficient m, the phase difference between the coherent states δ, and the phase difference between the superposition coefficients . When selected suitable parameters the superposition state exhibits quantum effect. The phase distribution and Wigner function of an equally populated mixture of two coherent states are derived, too. By comparison the results show that the presence of the coherence terms makes the superposition state with full quantum-mechanical behavior.