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Brief introduction to Bose-Einstein condensation with an entangled order parameter

Shi Yu

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

This is a brief introduction to the recently proposed Bose-Einstein condensation with an entangled order parameter. In the situation considered, condensation occurs in an inter-species spin entangled two particle state.

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We consider a mixture of two distinct species of atoms of pseudospin 12\frac{1}{2}21​ with both intraspecies and interspecies spin-exchange interactions and find all the ground states in a general case of the parameters in the effective Hamiltonian. In general, corresponding to the two-species and two-pseudospin states, there are four orbital wave functions into which the atoms condense. We find that in certain parameter regimes, the ground state is the so-called polarized entangled Bose-Einstein condensation; that is, in addition to condensation of interspecies singlet pairs, there are unpaired atoms with spins polarized in the same direction. The interspecies entanglement and polarization significantly affect the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equations governing the four orbital wave functions into which the atoms condense, as an interesting interplay between spin and orbital degrees of freedom.