Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Hefei University of Technology

2-rank tensors of angular momentum ladder operators

Ji Li

Published Jan 1, 2000• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Using the method of nonlinear Lie algebra,the tensors of ladder operators are obtained.These tensors can shift the angular quantum numbers in ±2.Also the properties of the tensors' components and the relationships between angular momentum ladder operator vectors and the components are discussed in this paper.Thus, a conclusion is reached that the components of the 2 rank spherical noncancellation tensor operators are special linear combinations of the vector ladder operators' tensor products. They can shift the angular quantum numbers in 2 or-2,while the magnetic quantum numbers are changed in 0,±1,±2.

Related papers

Orbital Angular Momentum

Reinhold A. Bertlmann, Nicolai Friis

Abstract In this chapter we introduce the concept of orbital angular momentum into the mathematical language of quantum mechanics. We discuss the commutation relations of the corresponding operators and their roles as generators of rotations in the context of the theory of Lie groups and Lie algebras, focusing on the three-dimensional rotation group SO(3). We further examine how scalar and vector-valued operators transform under spatial rotations. We then turn to the derivation of the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the angular-momentum operators, for which we follow a dual approach in analogy to that employed for the harmonic oscillator in Chapter 5. Using both the algebraic ladder-operator method and an analytical method using spherical polar coordinates we discover the relevant azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers and their relation to the spherical harmonics and the Legendre polynomials

•Sep 7, 2023•1 citation

Universal ladder operators for angular momentum

Ni Zhi

Using the latest developed theory on the nonlinear algebra,an algebraic equation which the general ladder operators for angular momentum must satisfy is obtained.These ladder operators are constructed which can shift the angular quantum numbers and the magnetic quantum numbers for all kinds of angular momentum eigenstates.

College Physics•Jan 1, 2000•0 citations

Self-Adjoint Ladder Operators (I)

A. JOSEPH

The theory of self-adjoint ladder operators is outlined, a comparison being made with the more usual type of ladder operator. It is shown how the method applies to the $n$-dimensional orbital angular momentum problem, for which it is found that the ladder operator may be expressed as a linear combination of the components of angular momentum, the expansion coefficients being the elements of a generalized spin algebra. Its relationship to the Infeld-Hull factorization method is discussed, the factorization appearing as part of a more general scheme. The physical significance of the ladder operators is emphasized through their application to the relativistic quantum theory of Dirac.

Reviews of Modern Physics•Oct 1, 1967•53 citations

Factorizations of vector operators for the isotropic harmonic oscillator in an angular momentum basis

Owen L. de Lange

The factorization of four vector operators, D±(ω) and D±(−ω), which occur in a representation-independent, spectrum-generating algebra for the three-dimensional, isotropic harmonic oscillator in an angular momentum basis, is considered (ω is the angular frequency of the oscillator). The D±(ω) are quantum-mechanical analogs of the classical vectors (1∓iL̂×)Fc (ω), where Fc(ω)=−Mωr×L+pL is constant in a frame rotating with angular velocity ωL̂. It is shown that these four vector operators can be factorized in two different ways to yield operators that, apart from their dependence on a constant of the motion (L2), are linear in either p or r. In this way 20 abstract operators are obtained. The properties of these operators are discussed: (i) Twelve are ladder operators for the quantum numbers l, and l and m, in the eigenkets ‖lm〉 of L2 and Lz. In linearized, differential form six of these operators are ladder operators for the spherical harmonics in the coordinate representation, while the other six are the corresponding operators in the momentum representation. (ii) The remaining eight operators factorize linear combinations of the Hamiltonian and the dimension operator. In linearized, differential form four of these operators are ladder operators for energy and angular momentum in the radial part of the coordinate-space wave functions, while the other four are the corresponding operators in the momentum representation.

Journal of Mathematical Physics•Nov 1, 1987•2 citations

Lenz vector operations on spherical hydrogen atom eigenfunctions

Charles E. Burkhardt, Jacob J. Leventhal

We show that operators capable of converting certain spherical hydrogen atom eigenfunctions into others by raising the angular momentum quantum number ℓ can be constructed from components of the quantum mechanical Lenz vector operator. The derivation is performed using formalism no more sophisticated than that used to derive the properties of the angular momentum ladder operators in undergraduate quantum mechanics courses. The properties of these Lenz vector operators illustrate the accidental degeneracy of the hydrogen atom because they change the quantum number ℓ without affecting n.

American Journal of Physics•Jul 14, 2004•11 citations

Ladder operators for orbital angular momentum

Owen L. de Lange, R. E. Raab

Three pairs of abstract operators are presented which serve as ladder operators for the orbital angular momentum quantum numbers l and m. These operators are used to prove the restriction of l to integral values and also to obtain matrix elements for orbital angular momentum state vectors. The calculations are based entirely on an application of the abstract (Dirac) operator method to orbital angular momentum.

American Journal of Physics•Apr 1, 1986•4 citations
Using the method of nonlinear Lie algebra,the tensors of ladder operators are obtained.These tensors can shift the angular quantum numbers in ±2.Also the properties of the tensors' components and the relationships between angular momentum ladder operator vectors and the components are discussed in this paper.Thus, a conclusion is reached that the components of the 2 rank spherical noncancellation tensor operators are special linear combinations of the vector ladder operators' tensor products. They can shift the angular quantum numbers in 2 or-2,while the magnetic quantum numbers are changed in 0,±1,±2.
Abstract In this chapter we introduce the concept of orbital angular momentum into the mathematical language of quantum mechanics. We discuss the commutation relations of the corresponding operators and their roles as generators of rotations in the context of the theory of Lie groups and Lie algebras, focusing on the three-dimensional rotation group SO(3). We further examine how scalar and vector-valued operators transform under spatial rotations. We then turn to the derivation of the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the angular-momentum operators, for which we follow a dual approach in analogy to that employed for the harmonic oscillator in Chapter 5. Using both the algebraic ladder-operator method and an analytical method using spherical polar coordinates we discover the relevant azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers and their relation to the spherical harmonics and the Legendre polynomials
The theory of self-adjoint ladder operators is outlined, a comparison being made with the more usual type of ladder operator. It is shown how the method applies to the nnn-dimensional orbital angular momentum problem, for which it is found that the ladder operator may be expressed as a linear combination of the components of angular momentum, the expansion coefficients being the elements of a generalized spin algebra. Its relationship to the Infeld-Hull factorization method is discussed, the factorization appearing as part of a more general scheme. The physical significance of the ladder operators is emphasized through their application to the relativistic quantum theory of Dirac.
The factorization of four vector operators, D±(ω) and D±(−ω), which occur in a representation-independent, spectrum-generating algebra for the three-dimensional, isotropic harmonic oscillator in an angular momentum basis, is considered (ω is the angular frequency of the oscillator). The D±(ω) are quantum-mechanical analogs of the classical vectors (1∓iL̂×)Fc (ω), where Fc(ω)=−Mωr×L+pL is constant in a frame rotating with angular velocity ωL̂. It is shown that these four vector operators can be factorized in two different ways to yield operators that, apart from their dependence on a constant of the motion (L2), are linear in either p or r. In this way 20 abstract operators are obtained. The properties of these operators are discussed: (i) Twelve are ladder operators for the quantum numbers l, and l and m, in the eigenkets ‖lm〉 of L2 and Lz. In linearized, differential form six of these operators are ladder operators for the spherical harmonics in the coordinate representation, while the other six are the corresponding operators in the momentum representation. (ii) The remaining eight operators factorize linear combinations of the Hamiltonian and the dimension operator. In linearized, differential form four of these operators are ladder operators for energy and angular momentum in the radial part of the coordinate-space wave functions, while the other four are the corresponding operators in the momentum representation.
We show that operators capable of converting certain spherical hydrogen atom eigenfunctions into others by raising the angular momentum quantum number ℓ can be constructed from components of the quantum mechanical Lenz vector operator. The derivation is performed using formalism no more sophisticated than that used to derive the properties of the angular momentum ladder operators in undergraduate quantum mechanics courses. The properties of these Lenz vector operators illustrate the accidental degeneracy of the hydrogen atom because they change the quantum number ℓ without affecting n.