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Journal of Communications

Physical-layer security transmission method based on spatial modulation with finite alphabet inputs

Bo Cui

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Addressing the problem of wireless physical layer security transmission for finite alphabet input systems,a spatial modulation secure transmission method is proposed.On the basis of information theory,the method utilizes the receive antenna indices of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system to bear information,and randomizes the eavesdropper’s equivalent channel by switching the receive antennas,which can guarantee physical layer security transmission.First,the different receiving performances of the legitimate user and eavesdropper are analyzed in the spatial modulation secure transmission system.Second,the mutual information and secrecy mutual information of the transmission system are calculated,and two sufficient conditions that ensure positive secrecy mutual information are pointed out.Finally,an estimation algorithm of mutual information is provided.Moreover,the symmetry of finite alphabet set is exploited to decrease the computational complexity.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results verify the availability of the security transmission method.

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Addressing the problem of wireless physical layer security transmission for finite alphabet input systems,a spatial modulation secure transmission method is proposed.On the basis of information theory,the method utilizes the receive antenna indices of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system to bear information,and randomizes the eavesdropper’s equivalent channel by switching the receive antennas,which can guarantee physical layer security transmission.First,the different receiving performances of the legitimate user and eavesdropper are analyzed in the spatial modulation secure transmission system.Second,the mutual information and secrecy mutual information of the transmission system are calculated,and two sufficient conditions that ensure positive secrecy mutual information are pointed out.Finally,an estimation algorithm of mutual information is provided.Moreover,the symmetry of finite alphabet set is exploited to decrease the computational complexity.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results verify the availability of the security transmission method.
Addressing the wireless digital communication system,a sufficient condition to ensure the physical-layer security transmission is derived from the viewpoint of information theory,and a space hopping secure transmission method is proposed,which can mask the characteristic of finite alphabets. First,since the multi-antenna eavesdropper in the finite-alphabetinput system possesses the architecture of Discrete Noisy Lossless Channel( DNLC),it can reconstruct the secret signal and invalidate the artificial noise method. As a result,destroying the eavesdropper's DNLC architecture becomes a sufficient condition for ensuring the security of system transmission. Then,utilizing the diversity and uniqueness of wireless channel characteristics,a space hopping secure transmission method based on the Multiple Input Multiple Output( MIMO) system is proposed.It switches receiver / transmitter antennas and transmits spatial scrambling during the information transmission,which can mask the finite alphabet characteristic of the secret signal and destroy the eavesdropper's DNLC architecture. Finally,theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the secure method.
Recently, MIMO (multiple-input-multiple-output) physical layer secure transmission has attracted great attentions. However, current schemes cannot defend against the passive eavesdroppers with arbitrary number of antennas. To address this problem, in this work, we propose a practical physical layer MIMO secure communication scheme (PLSC) to defend against such an eavesdropper with arbitrary number of antennas. In the proposed scheme, the transmitter first independently generates a random binary sequence as the “key bits (KB)” to “encrypt” (XOR) the confidential information. After that, the transmitter sends the “encrypted information” over the wireless channel, along with mapping key bits to the legitimate receiver simultaneously. The key principle lies in that the KB information is coded in the indexes of the activated/non-activated antennas combination of the legitimate user. Then, the legitimate receiver first observes his/her activated antenna indexes to obtain the corresponding key bits. After that, he/she demodulates the “encrypted information” at the activated antennas, and finally “decrypts” (XOR) the confidential information by using the observed key bits. However, due to the uniqueness and independence of MIMO wireless channel, for any other eavesdroppers who suffer an independent channel from legitimate users, we prove that it cannot observe any information about KB from the received signals, regardless of how many antennas it has used. Consequently, without knowledge of KB, it cannot decrypt any information about the confidential information, too. The reliability and security of PLSC are theoretically demonstrated. The simulation and numerical results fully verified the validity and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
In multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications, Space Shift Keying (SSK), Spatial modulation (SM) and Generalized Space Shift Keying (GSSK) are three novel MIMO modulation techniques, that can greatly reduce the complexity of MIMO systems. This paper investigates the physical-layer security in typical MIMO systems of these three modulations. We present an exhaustive analysis of secrecy rate for multiple antennas destination and eavesdroppers receivers. Without eavesdroppers channel information, both achievable secrecy rate and bit error rate (BER) are studied through joint modulated signal and jamming signal transmission. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed proactive source jamming method achieves improvement of secrecy rate and improved BER performance for multi-antenna users.
In multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications, spatial modulation (SM) has recently emerged as a new transmission method. This letter explores the physical-layer security in typical SM systems. We present a secrecy rate analysis for multiple antenna destination and eavesdroppers receivers. Targeting against passive eavesdroppers in unknown locations, we study the efficacy of active security measure through joint signal and jamming transmission without the typical requirement of eavesdropper channel information. We demonstrate the secrecy rate and transmission power tradeoff in active source jamming by providing numerical results on achieved secrecy rate and the bit error rate (BER) at different receivers.
The issue of physical layer security of the wireless single-input multiple-output (SIMO) system is addressed in this paper. We proposed a two-step transmission approach to improve the secrecy rate with perfect knowledge of channel state information. In the first step, the destination which has multiple antennas generates a random message and transmits it to the source which has a single antenna. The message is transmitted in a system of multiple-input single-output (MISO) in this step, and it is encoded under the secrecy capacity of the MISO system and thus can be securely transmitted to the source without leaking to the eavesdropper. In the second step, the message of the source is encrypted to a new message by using the received random message in the first step. The new message is then transmitted to the destination under the capacity of the SIMO system without considering the security. The secrecy of the source's message is guaranteed by the first random message, thus it is unknown for the eavesdropper. The information-theoretic security of the two-step transmission approach is proven in this paper, and the optimal power allocation is also proposed by solving an equation. The performance of the two-step transmission approach is analyzed in theory and evaluated by numerical simulations, and the results show that the proposed approach outperforms the traditional approach when the transmit power is great.
Security capacity improvement is always the implementation goal of physical layer security, which can be achieved by deliberate randomization based on differentia and uniqueness of wireless channels through signal processing method. An information-guided randomization secure transmission scheme is proposed combined with a spatial modulation system in which information can be carried by receiving antennas index but actually by channel differentia. Randomization is generated along with channel modulation procedure realized by corresponding preprocessing to transmitting signals. We provide three approaches for designing preprocessing weights under different constraint conditions. The former two can only be used when the number of receiving antennas is less than transmitting and have a tradeoff with varying degrees between receiving performance and security. The third one then relaxes the limits via generalized spatial modulation and can be used for arbitrary antennas configuration but with a receiving performance compromise. Lastly, results of performance analysis and numerical evaluation show that the proposed secure scheme is effective to prohibit the eavesdropper from intercepting information.