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Journal of Hebei North University

Simulation of Interference and Diffraction of Electrons Based on Visual Basic

Zhihao Zhu

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

According to the intensity distribution function of Young two-sit interference and diffraction,and the theory of De Broglie matter wave,the program selects the electrons in the way of Monte Carlo's acceptance-rejection sampling to show on the picture box in the Visual Basic program,resulting in the sima lation of two-sit interference and diffraction of electrons in the Visual Basic environment.It is helpful in teaching for students to vividly understand the wave-particle duality and probability wave.

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Physics Essays•Sep 3, 2022•0 citations
According to the intensity distribution function of Young two-sit interference and diffraction,and the theory of De Broglie matter wave,the program selects the electrons in the way of Monte Carlo's acceptance-rejection sampling to show on the picture box in the Visual Basic program,resulting in the sima lation of two-sit interference and diffraction of electrons in the Visual Basic environment.It is helpful in teaching for students to vividly understand the wave-particle duality and probability wave.
Interference and diffraction phenomena are the basic properties shown by waves. De-Broglie concept of matter waves brought in the extended version of wave properties of material particles. Wave properties of quantum particles are important to understand various phenomena in physics. Matter waves are a core part of quantum theory. Now wave-particle duality is exploited for many applications such as imaging microscopic particles using electron microscopes etc. Here we deduce the interference and diffraction of quantum particles on the basis of the propagation amplitude according to the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics. The intensity distribution due to interference and diffraction of quantum particles are compared with those obtained from the formal methods. The results agree with the traditional approach assuming a deBroglie wave associated with particles.
This paper reports on a study of student understanding of the wave nature of matter in the context of the pattern produced by the diffraction and interference of particles. Students in first-year, second-year, and third-year physics courses were asked to predict and explain how a single change in an experimental setup would affect the pattern produced when electrons or other particles are incident on a single slit, double slit, or crystal lattice. The errors made by students after standard instruction indicated the presence of similar conceptual and reasoning difficulties at all levels. Among the most serious was an inability to interpret diffraction and interference in terms of a basic wave model. Other errors revealed a lack of a functional understanding of the de Broglie wavelength. Students often treated it as a fixed property of a particle, not as a function of the momentum. An important goal of this investigation was to provide a research base for the design of instruction to help students develop and apply a basic wave model for matter.
De Broglie proposed the matter wave in 1924. The de Broglie wave is neither a mechanical wave nor an electromagnetic wave and has a very short wavelength. The Davisson-Germer electron diffraction experiment performed in 1925 involved bombarding the surface of a nickel crystal with a narrow beam of electrons. When the accelerating voltage V was maintained at 54 V, the wavelength of the incident electron was λ=h/ 2 m e V = 0.167 nm [Y. S. Chen and Z. Z. Li, College Physics (Tianjin University, Tianjin, 1999)] demonstrating the existence of the matter wave. We introduce a type of electron wave with a very long wavelength in this study that is different from the matter wave. For example, the wavelength of the electron wave can reach 0.43 mm in the double-slit interference of electrons. Experiments demonstrate that this long-wavelength electron wave can produce both double-slit interference and electron diffraction. A comparative analysis of matter and electron waves reveals the physical natures of these waves and wave‐particle duality.