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REALIZATION OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION IN SIOM OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Shuyu Zhou, Long Quan, Zhou Shan-Yu, Haixiang Fu, Yuzhu Wang

Published Jan 1, 2002• 0 citations
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Abstract

We report the observation of Bose\|Einstein condensation in a dilute 87 Rb gas with 1×10\+8 atoms loaded into a quadrupole\|Ioffe\|configuration trap. After 19s of evaporative cooling, the phase transition condition was achieved. At high phase\|space density, diffraction of a probe laser beam was observed. After reducing the trap potential to adiabatically relax the cold atoms we obtained absorption images. A double Gaussian distribution fitted to the data showed the BEC phase transition. The temperature of the transition was about 250nK, and the number of condensate atoms about 5×10\+4.

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Nov 27, 2002•0 citations
We report the observation of Bose|Einstein condensation in a dilute 87 Rb gas with 1×10+8 atoms loaded into a quadrupole|Ioffe|configuration trap. After 19s of evaporative cooling, the phase transition condition was achieved. At high phase|space density, diffraction of a probe laser beam was observed. After reducing the trap potential to adiabatically relax the cold atoms we obtained absorption images. A double Gaussian distribution fitted to the data showed the BEC phase transition. The temperature of the transition was about 250nK, and the number of condensate atoms about 5×10+4.
We report the realization of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in dilute rubidium gas. The BEC was achieved in a quadrupole and Ioffe configuration trap. The number of condensed atoms is around 4 × 10 4 in total 5 × 10 5 , and the transition temperature is 250 nK. We have studied the light scattering of the atom cloud and the condensate in a tightly confined magnetic trap. We show that it is possible to use the diffraction patterns in the near-resonant imaging of the trapped cold atomic samples to give the information of the BEC phase transition.
We report the realization of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in dilute rubidium gas. The BEC was achieved in a quadrupole and Ioffe configuration trap. The number of condensed atoms is around 4 X 10(4) in total 5 X 10(5), and the transition, temperature is 250 nK. We have studied the light scattering of the atom cloud and the condensate in a tightly confined magnetic trap. We show that it is possible to use the diffraction patterns in the near-resonant imaging of the trapped cold atomic samples to give the information of the BEC phase transition.
Summary form only given. Recently, we have created a Bose condensate of /sup 87/Rb atoms directly in an optical trap formed by tightly focused laser beams. Following initial loading from a laser cooled gas, evaporative cooling through the BEC transition is achieved by simply lowering the depth of the optical trap. Our success is due in part to a high initial phase space density realized in the loading of our optical dipole trap and in part to the tight confinement of the atoms that permits rapid evaporative cooling to the BEC transition in 2 s.
Since its first observation in 1995, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) experiments in dilute gases have been performed with only a few different kinds of magnetic traps. We have performed a BEC experiment with /sup 87/Rb atoms in a Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic potential, which opens up the possibility to study, e.g., Bose-Einstein condensates released in only one dimension. Our trap consists of a clip-like coil, which generates a pure two-dimensional (2D) quadrupole field for radial confinement. The axial confinement is provided by two plane pinch coils inside the clip-coil. These two coils create a bottle field. Two additional Helmholtz coils on the same symmetry axis are used to compensate the homogeneous part of the bottle field. By continuously varying the currents through the coils, the trapping potential can be changed from a 3D spherical harmonic to a 2D linear potential. The change can be done adiabatically or nonadiabatically by switching off the axial confinement slowly, or instantaneously respectively. This opens up the possibility to study 1D nonlinear atom optics. In combination with, e.g., far detuned light sheets, a Fabry-Perot type interferometer for a condensate might be realizable. Our experiments are performed in a vacuum system with two magneto-optical traps, which serves as the source of cold atoms for the magnetic trap. 10/sup 9/ atoms are captured in less than one minute. RF-induced evaporative cooling is used to increase the phase space density of the trapped atomic cloud. The BEC phase transition occurs at a temperature of 550 nK with 10/sup 6/ particles in the trap. Pure condensates with more than 10/sup 5/ atoms were produced.
We demonstrate Bose-Einstein condensation of rubidium atoms in a simple low-power magnetic trap. This trap combines the quadrupole with the Ioffe configuration ~QUIC trap! and consists of just three coils. Magneto-optically trapped Rb atoms are first loaded into the linear trapping potential of a magnetic quadrupole, which is then converted into the parabolic geometry of an Ioffe trap. During this process two spherical quadrupole traps with perpendicular axes merge and the trapped atomic cloud moves close to the magnetic field producing coils, resulting in tight confinement of the atoms while the power dissipation of the trap remains low. The magnetically trapped atoms are cooled to below the phase transition of Bose-Einstein condensation by rf-induced evaporation. @S1050-2947~98!51210-3#
Summary form only given.Since its first observation in 1995, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) experiments in dilute gases have been performed with only a few different kinds of magnetic traps. We have performed a BEC experiment with /sup 87/Rb atoms in a Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic potential, which opens up the possibility to study, e.g., Bose-Einstein condensates released in only one dimension. Our trap consists of a clip-like coil, which generates a pure two-dimensional (2D) quadrupole field for radial confinement. The axial confinement is provided by two plane pinch coils inside the clip-coil. These two coils create a bottle field. Two additional Helmholtz coils on the same symmetry axis are used to compensate the homogeneous part of the bottle field. By continuously varying the currents through the coils, the trapping potential can be changed from a 3D spherical harmonic to a 2D linear potential. The change can be done adiabatically or nonadiabatically by switching off the axial confinement slowly, or instantaneously respectively. This opens up the possibility to study 1D nonlinear atom optics. In combination with, e.g., far detuned light sheets, a Fabry-Perot type interferometer for a condensate might be realizable. Our experiments are performed in a vacuum system with two magneto-optical traps, which serves as the source of cold atoms for the magnetic trap. 10/sup 9/ atoms are captured in less than one minute. RF-induced evaporative cooling is used to increase the phase space density of the trapped atomic cloud. The BEC phase transition occurs at a temperature of 550 nK with 10/sup 6/ particles in the trap. Pure condensates with more than 10/sup 5/ atoms were produced.