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Journal of Shanxi University

Anisotropic Superfluidity of Dipolar Bose Gas in One-dimensional Optical Lattice

Zhao Hua

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We discuss the superfluid phase of dipolar Bose gas in quasi-one-dimentional optical lattice.With the analytical analysis,we show that the superfluid of chromium Bose gas can be inhibited by properly choose the angle of dipole-dipole interaction.The superfluid phase disappears at certain angles.The effect is maximized when contact interaction is matchable to dipolar one.The result can be verified by measuring the currents of superfluid bose gas.

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We discuss the superfluid phase of dipolar Bose gas in quasi-one-dimentional optical lattice.With the analytical analysis,we show that the superfluid of chromium Bose gas can be inhibited by properly choose the angle of dipole-dipole interaction.The superfluid phase disappears at certain angles.The effect is maximized when contact interaction is matchable to dipolar one.The result can be verified by measuring the currents of superfluid bose gas.
In a dipolar Fermi gas, the dipole-dipole interaction between fermions can be turned into a dipolar Ising interaction between pseudospins in the presence of an ac electric field. When trapped in a two-dimensional optical lattice, this dipolar Fermi gas has a very rich phase diagram at zero temperature, due to the competition between antiferromagnetism and superfluidity. At half-filling, the antiferromagnetic state is the favored ground state. The superfluid state appears as the ground state at a smaller filling factor. In between there is a phase-separated region. The order parameter of the superfluid state can display different symmetries depending on the filling factor and interaction strength, including the ddd-wave (ddd), the extended sss-wave (xsxsxs), or their linear combination (xs+idxs+idxs+id). Implications for the current experiment are discussed.
We study the phase diagram of a dipolar Fermi gas at half-filling in a cubic optical lattice with dipole moments aligned along the zzz axis. The anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction leads to the competition between pz{p}_{z}pz​-wave superfluid and nematic charge-density-wave (CDW) orders at low temperatures. We find that the superfluid phase survives with weak interactions and the CDW phase dominates with strong interactions. In-between, the supersolid phase appears as a balance between superfluid and CDW orders. The superfluid density is anisotropic in the supersolid and superfluid phases. In the CDW phase, there is a semimetal-to-insulator transition with increase of the interaction strength. Experimental implications are discussed.
In a dipolar Fermi gas, the anisotropic interaction between electric dipoles can be turned into an effectively attractive interaction in the presence of a rotating electric field. We show that the topological px+ipy{p}_{x}+i{p}_{y}px​+ipy​ superfluid phase can be realized in a single-component dipolar Fermi gas trapped in a two-dimensional square optical lattice with this attractive interaction at low temperatures. The px+ipy{p}_{x}+i{p}_{y}px​+ipy​ superfluid state has potential applications for topological quantum computing. We obtain the phase diagram of this system at zero temperature. When the interaction is weak, the ppp-wave superfluid state is stable for most filling factors except near half filling, where phase separation takes place. In the weak-coupling limit, the phase-separation region vanishes. When the interaction strength is above a threshold, the system is phase separated for any filling factor 0<n<10<n<10<n<1. The transition temperature of the px+ipy{p}_{x}+i{p}_{y}px​+ipy​ superfluid state is estimated and the implication for experiments is discussed.
We study the superfluid character of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (DBEC) in a quasi-two dimensional geometry. We consider the dipole polarization to have some nonzero projection into the plane of the condensate so that the effective interaction is anisotropic in this plane, yielding an anisotropic dispersion relation. By performing direct numerical simulations of a probe moving through the DBEC, we observe the sudden onset of drag or creation of vortex-antivortex pairs at critical velocities that depend strongly on the direction of the probe's motion. This anisotropy emerges because of the anisotropic manifestation of a rotonlike mode in the system.
We examine the superfluid and collapse instabilities of a quasi-two-dimensional gas of dipolar fermions aligned by an orientable external field. It is shown that the interplay between the anisotropy of the dipole-dipole interaction, the geometry of the system, and the p-wave symmetry of the superfluid order parameter means that the effective interaction for pairing can be made very large without the system collapsing. This leads to a broad region in the phase diagram where the system forms a stable superfluid. Analyzing the superfluid transition at finite temperatures, we calculate the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature as a function of the dipole angle.