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Journal of Hebei Normal University

Quantum Dense Coding Using Three-level Partly Entangled State

Yan Feng-Li

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In the protocol of quantum dense coding by a maximally entangled state,the encoding operators are divided into two classes:the rotation operators and the shift operators.The latter is the key for quantum dense coding.The condition for shift encoding in the case of three-level non-maximally entangled state between two parties is proposed and the expression of the shift operators is also presented.

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In the protocol of quantum dense coding by a maximally entangled state,the encoding operators are divided into two classes:the rotation operators and the shift operators.The latter is the key for quantum dense coding.The condition for shift encoding in the case of three-level non-maximally entangled state between two parties is proposed and the expression of the shift operators is also presented.
Ideal dense coding protocols allow one to use prior maximal entanglement to send two bits of classical information by the physical transfer of a single encoded qubit. We investigate the case when the prior entanglement is not maximal and the initial state of the entangled pair of qubits being used for the dense coding is a mixed state. We find upper and lower bounds on the capability to do dense coding in terms of the various measures of entanglement and in terms of the average mutual distinguishability of the signal states.
Ideal dense coding protocols allow one to use prior maximal entanglement to send two bits of classical information by the physical transfer of a single encoded qubit. We investigate the case when the prior entanglement is not maximal and the initial state of the entangled pair of qubits being used for the dense coding is a mixed state. We find upper and lower bounds on the capability to do dense coding in terms of the various measures of entanglement. Our results can also be reinterpreted as giving bounds on purification procedures in terms of dense coding capacities.