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Optical Instruments

Simulation of Thomas Young dual-slit interference experiment using MatLab

Haiying Cui

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Employing with MatLab, the relative light density distribution of Thomas Young dual-slit interference experiment is presented. This paper analyzes the light density distribution of Thomas Young dual-slit interference under different wavelengths and slit widths, and explains the causes for the different light density distribution in Thomas Young dual-slit interference. It reaches that slit widths are the factors for the uneven intensity distribution of Thomas Young dual-slit interference experiment, and the fringe width is inversely proportional to slit widths. Various parameters impacting on the interference is visually analyzed by means of computer simulation. It has an important guiding role on the optical theoretical study and experimental teaching.

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Employing with MatLab, the relative light density distribution of Thomas Young dual-slit interference experiment is presented. This paper analyzes the light density distribution of Thomas Young dual-slit interference under different wavelengths and slit widths, and explains the causes for the different light density distribution in Thomas Young dual-slit interference. It reaches that slit widths are the factors for the uneven intensity distribution of Thomas Young dual-slit interference experiment, and the fringe width is inversely proportional to slit widths. Various parameters impacting on the interference is visually analyzed by means of computer simulation. It has an important guiding role on the optical theoretical study and experimental teaching.
Considering double-slit interference as an optical wave passing a through double-slit hard aperture, the intensity expression of Young's double-slit interference is derived based on Collins diffraction integral. The intensity distribution of Young's double-slit interference is graphically demonstrated. The interference fringes will be changes by adjusting the parameter of slit width, double-slit separation, incident wavelength, etc. Meanwhile, the causes for the different brightness at bright fringe center in Young's double-slit interference are discussed. Additionally, the interference fringe width is calculated. The result agrees well with optical interference theory. As an expanding teach method, it will be helpful to understand the double-slit interference characteristics.
Abstract The double slit experiment was the first demonstrative proof of the wave nature of light. It was expounded by the English physician-physicist Thomas Young in 1801 and it soon helped lay to rest the then raging Newton–Huygens debate on whether light consisted of a fast-moving stream of particles or a train of progressive waves in the ether medium. In the experiment, light is made to pass through two very narrow slits spaced closely apart. A screen placed on the other side captures a pattern of alternating bright and dark bands called fringes which are formed as a result of the phenomenon of interference. In prior work by the same author, it was shown that the conventional analysis of Young’s experiment that is used in many introductory physics textbooks, suffers from a number of limitations in regards to its ability to accurately predict the positions of these fringes on the distant screen. This was owing to the adoption of some needless and paradoxical assumptions to help simplify the geometry of the slit barrier-screen arrangement. In the new analysis however, all such approximations were discarded and a hyperbola theorem was forwarded which was then suitably applied to determine the exact fringe positions on screens of varied shapes (linear, semi-circular, semi-elliptical). This paper further builds on that work by laying down the mathematical framework necessary for counting fringes and then comparing their distributions on differently shaped screens, using MATLAB software package for numerical–graphical simulation. In addition, a pair of equivalent laws of proportionality are predicted that govern the distribution of fringes independent of the shape of the detection screen employed.