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Journal of Jiamusi University

Discussion on Electronic Spin in a Localization and Uniform Magnetic Field

Qing-long Guo

Published Jan 1, 2005• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In this paper, the power, wave function, average value, and uncertainty relation of localized electronic spin in uniform magnetic field were discussed. Meanwhile, we gave the state wave function in arbitrary hour by means of different methods, which made the comprehension for the spin of localized electron easier.

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Based on the entangled state representation for describing electron's coordinates under uniform magnetic field, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between quantum Hamiltonian and its classical Weyl function through the introduction of Wigner operator. We also study some new important properties of Wigner function of electron's quantum states, such as its upper bound, and its relation with electron's wave function. These discussions demonstrate the beauty and elegance of the entangled state representation.
We make three remarks about the quantum theory of a charged particle moving in a time-independent, uni-directional magnetic field (which we take to be parallel to the z-axis). First, when the field is uniform, we comment on the relation between the wave-function on the one hand if it is chosen to be an eigenstate of momentum (leaving aside the trivial z-dependence) and hence non-normalizable, and on the other hand if it is chosen to be an eigenstate of angular momentum. Second, we discuss the form of the wave-function when the magnetic field had a weak z-dependence. Finally, we make a short comment on the derivation of the diamagnetism of a free electron gas.
We discuss the uncertainty relation for the azimuthal angle ϕϕϕ and the zzz-component of the angular momentum LzL_zLz​. To this end we derive the uncertainty relation for an arbitrary pair of observables and discuss the conditions for its validity. By means of a simple parameter-dependent state we illustrate the well known fact that the standard uncertainty relation for the coordinate and its conjugate momentum does not apply the pair of observables ϕ−Lzϕ-L_zϕ−Lz​. This analysis is motivated by a discussion of the motion of an electron in a constant magnetic field appeared recently in this journal (Eur. J. Phys. \textbf{33} (2012) 1147) where the author assumed the validity of the standard uncertainty relation for the pair ϕ−Lzϕ-L_zϕ−Lz​.
Double wave quantum theory is applied to describe the motion of charged particle in a uniform magnetic field. This description of the motion of the particle is complete. One can tell the value of an arbitrary physical quantity at any time. The probability and the formula to calculate mean values in ordinary quantum mechanics comes from the average of double wave description over a certain ensemble. The rule of gauge transformation in quantum mechanics can be seen from the average over an ensemble.