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Journal of Shangqiu Vocational and Technical College

The Phase and Group Velocity of De Broglie Wave

Wu Tian

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

From the viewpoint that de Broglie wave is probability wave,this paper explored the velocity characteristics of the de Broglie wave and built the relation between phase velocity and group velocity.

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中国科学通报：英文版•Jan 1, 2012•1 citation
An account of de Broglie’s introduction of phase waves is given that emphasizes that they are a relativistic concept. The properties of the frequency, wavelength, and velocity of de Broglie waves are found under a Lorentz transformation. A nonrelativistic specialization of phase waves is obtained, and the appropriate frequency, wavelength, and velocity are defined. The transformation properties of these parameters under a Galilean transformation are given. The concept of a group velocity for phase waves is re-examined and shown to be applicable.
The de Broglie relation is revisited in connection with an ab initio relativistic description of particles and waves, which is the same treatment that historically led to this famous relation. In the same context of the Minkowski four-vector formalism, we also discuss the phase and the group velocity of a matter wave, explicitly showing that both transform as ordinary velocities under a Lorentz transformation. We show that such a transformation rule is a necessary condition for the covariance of the de Broglie relation, and stress the pedagogical value of the Einstein-Minkowski-Lorentz relativistic context in the presentation of the de Broglie relation.
For the wave-particle duality of microscopic particles,the relationship of the velocity and the velocity of phase and the velocity of group for the microscopic particles is analyzed,it is pointed out that the velocity relating to the frequency and wavelength of two De Broglie expressions is not the velocity of group but the velocity of phase.On the contrary,the velocity in the defining expression of momentum is the real speed of particles,which doesn't equal to the velocity of phase but equals to the velocity of group.