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Shuxue de shijian yu renshi

Light Wave-particle Duality Exploration

Zhongliang Liu

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Light has wave-particle duality,but it is difficult to see these two properties in a particular optical phenomenon.Both properties of light can be a perfect unity,if we could explain the wave nature through the particle property.Base on the Mathematical modeling of Gong Zutong photon model and the forward electromagnetic photon model,we compared the MATLAB simulation results with the experimental results.Then we find both models are shortcomings,and propose an improved photon model.With this improved model,we explain the optical interference,diffraction and polarization phenomena which show the wave nature of light.

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Light has wave-particle duality,but it is difficult to see these two properties in a particular optical phenomenon.Both properties of light can be a perfect unity,if we could explain the wave nature through the particle property.Base on the Mathematical modeling of Gong Zutong photon model and the forward electromagnetic photon model,we compared the MATLAB simulation results with the experimental results.Then we find both models are shortcomings,and propose an improved photon model.With this improved model,we explain the optical interference,diffraction and polarization phenomena which show the wave nature of light.
Simulation researches are conducted by mathematical modeling approach through computer for verification wave-particle duality of light.Firsty,the following two models are established:the single slit diffraction simulation model based on Photon hydrogen-like structure,which light change in forward direction after passed the silt is explained.And the double slit interference simulation model based on Photon electromagnetic plane wave concept,whichblack hole effect likeis proposed.Then,the rationality of the models are verified by means of Matlab simulation.Finally,combined with mentioned two models,qualitative analysis show that wave-particle duality of light properly is explained by simulation result.
Photons and elementary particles display the properties of particle as well as of wave known as Wave Particle Duality. Quantum Theory could not explain Wave Particle Duality only due to the belief that photon has no mass and accepted Wave Particle Duality as reality of quantum scale particles. “Experimental Proof of Mass in Photon” [1] discovered Inertial Force developed by the photons on Reflection. This Inertial Force is developed in the spinning photon from inside due to the mass of photon. These experiments also discovered that the centre of mass of photon was different from the centre of photon. Such presence of mass in a photon developing Inertial Force from within the photon gifts special properties to display Wave Particle Duality, Interference and Polarization etc. These phenomena are explained in this work which could not be explained by the Quantum Theory earlier. This work also confirms mass in photon based on both Newtonian and Special Theory of Relativity. New equations of true mass of photon are also derived.
Arguments about particles or waves gave way to a recognized need for both particles and waves in the description of radiation. The confusion over particle versus wave properties was resolved by Louis de Broglie. He postulated that since light has a dual wave–particle nature, matter also has this nature. The idea was to perform a diffraction experiment with electrons. An interference pattern was demonstrated not only with electrons, but also with many kinds of material particles like protons and neutrons. However, any attempt to observe an interference pattern with neutral atoms was found difficult by the fact that atoms carried no charge as electrons do and could not penetrate through condensate matter like neutrons. The de Broglie wavelength of an electron in the smallest orbit turns out to be exactly equal to the circumference of the orbit predicted by Bohr. The interpretation of the interference phenomenon becomes more subtle when the light beams are replaced by individual photons or particles.
The following Master’s thesis is concerned with several aspects of the wave-particle duality of light. It is loosely divided in three parts. In the first part we consider historical, theoretical and experimental aspects of the duality problem. We explain how the notion of duality has developed through the last 400 years. We discuss theoretical underpinnings of the duality emodied by Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory, quantization of electromagnetic modes, Fock’s states and coherent states. We critically review several experiments which serve to demonstrate the corpuscular or undulatory behaviour of light and matter; in particular we present how the photoelectric effect and the Compton effect can be explained using the undulatory model, and we critically review Grangier, Roger and Aspect correlation experiment.\n\nIn the second part we describe two illustrative experiments on the duality of light conducted at Quantum Optics Laboratory at University of Oslo. The results of the experiment allow us to discuss how coincidence measurements can be used to exhibit the corpuscular behaviour of light, and how Mach-Zender interferometry performed at very low intensity can be used to exhibit the undulatory behaviour at\nthe (assumed) single-photon level. In addition, in the second part we review elements of theories closely associated with the experiment and the experimental setup: optical coherence, photocount and photon\nstatistics, beam splitter models and Gaussian beams. A proposition for extending the semiclassical model is given, and shortcomings of the present beam splitter models are discussed.\n\nIn the third part of the thesis we consider first Afshar’s experiment and some of the critical response that it has been met with. Then we discuss how the wave-particle duality is to be understood in the\nstandard interpretation of quantum mechanics, and how it could possibly be explained using either an alternative model for light or an alternative interpretation of quantum mechanics, and what difficulties such explanations present.