Slow light technique is the technique that slows down the propagation speed of light.It has profound implications for classical and quantum information processing.The integrated optic gyroscope has been widely concerned by pursuers for its micromation,light weight,and stable performance.While further increasing its measure accuracy in integrated optic gyroscope is a key proble.This paper describes the physical mechanism to apply slow light into micro-optical gyroscope in orde to increase its measure accuracy,and presents its research development and main direction.Finally discusses its developing perspective.
Slow light technique is the technique that slows down the propagation speed of light.It has profound implications for classical and quantum information processing.The integrated optic gyroscope has been widely concerned by pursuers for its micromation,light weight,and stable performance.While further increasing its measure accuracy in integrated optic gyroscope is a key proble.This paper describes the physical mechanism to apply slow light into micro-optical gyroscope in orde to increase its measure accuracy,and presents its research development and main direction.Finally discusses its developing perspective.
Abstract With the rapid development of micro‐nano fabrication technology, micro‐optical gyroscope technology has shown tremendous potential in integration, miniaturization, and sensitivity. The micro‐optical gyroscope is closely related to the performance of the gyroscopic system, which is realized by the light‐matter interaction and resonance enhancement. Currently, the detection range of micro‐optical gyroscopes extends from millimeter‐scale physical mechanical motion to molecular vibrations at the nanometer scale; however, their precision is challenging to surpass the standard quantum limit. The primary research objective of quantum precision measurement is to utilize quantum resources to conduct quantum‐enhanced measurements on physical system quantities, thereby surpassing the quantum limit and improving parameter measurement accuracy. In recent years, due to the rapid development in the field of quantum precision measurement, quantum gyroscope has made great progress in practical and engineering. In the future, by replacing traditional accelerometers and gyroscopes, it may be possible to develop highly integrated, low‐power, and low‐drift quantum inertial navigation systems. Based on the information disclosed by journals, conferences, and related research institutions, this paper briefly outlines the development status, basic principles, and corresponding challenges of the micro‐optical gyroscope. Additionally, this paper introduces the current theoretical and experimental progress of quantum‐enhanced gyroscopes.
With the spectral hole-burning effect resulting from coherent population oscillation in the homogeneously broadened material, the ultraslow light propagation phenomenon is used at room temperature in a fiber. One-dimensional wave equation for envelopes light propagation is derived. We present an electronic circuit which simulates wave propagation in dispersive media. Fiber optic gyroscope which improves structure using slow light technique was designed and its principles analyzed. In a new optic gyroscope that allows relative motion between fiber medium and source, detector, dispersive drag coefficient can influence the Sagnac fringe shift. Principle is analyzed of gyroscope based on special relativity and Doppler effect. The structure of fiber optic gyroscope could increase scale factor 107-8times. The detection of travel-time difference between two counter-propagating light could obtain angular velocity.
Precise positioning and motion tracking are enabling development of key technologies in numerous fields of research and applications such as control, navigation, stabilization, and positioning systems for robotics, medical-imaging applications, virtual reality, computer games, and many more. While rotation sensing can be based on both mechanical and optical effects, optical gyroscopes provide the highest sensitivity and accuracy. Although the details may vary depending on the specific implementation, all optical rotation sensors exploit the Sagnac effect,1 i.e., the interference pattern resulting from the different phase shifts of waves propagating in a circular path along and opposite the direction of rotation. The classical Sagnac phase shift is determined solely by the angular velocity, the optical frequency, and the area enclosed by the closed-loop optical path, and completely independent of the medium’s other properties such as the index of refraction and its dispersion properties.2 This century-old result has been the subject of ongoing debate for several decades, both because of its fundamental nature and because it inherently limits the feasibility of attaining highly sensitive miniaturized rotation sensors. Specifically, it implies that the only ways to enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of optical gyroscopes are to either increase the optical frequency or enlarge the gyro’s area. In practice, both approaches are limited. Recent studies have pointed out the advantages of exploiting the Sagnac effect, generated by electronic resonances, in slow-3 and fast-light4 media (i.e., in which the group velocity is substantially smaller or larger than the speed of light) for fabrication of ultrasensitive optical gyroscopes. However, material properties based on slow/fast-light media suffer from inherent limitations and drawbacks. In particular, such systems are bulky, lossy, require very low temperatures, and are limited to specific wavelengths according to the material’s electronic andoptical properties. Instead, we have been focusing on photonic-resonance-based structures,5, 6 taking advantage of their flexibility, compact dimensions, and excellent optical Figure 1. Schematic of a coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW).
Fast or slow light propagation means that the group velocity of a quasi-monochromatic light pulse propagating in a resonant medium can be significantly faster or slower than the light speed in a vacuum. Since the end of the last century and the beginning of this century, studies on this subject have attracted a great deal of interest. Remarkable progress has been achieved, based on various nonlinear optical interactions in resonant media. The fundamental research on this subject can enrich our understanding of special relativity and causality in physics. On the other hand, those mechanisms and techniques developed for fast and slow light propagation have provided the potential for many future applications, such as optical buffers and variable delay lines for optical networks, optical computing, optical telecommunications, optical data storage, and signal processing.
We discuss the relationship between Sagnac effect and "slow light" phenomenon, and point out that although the medium and waveguide dispersion can in no way affect the magnitude of Sagnac effect, the highly dispersive structure is still beneficial to the enhancement of Sagnac effect and can be utilized to detect absolute rotation for navigation purpose. Based on the EIT-like property of coupled resonator structure, a miniature highly sensitive gyroscope is possible. This EIT-like phenomenon occurs through a classical mean in a coupled resonator structure due to all-optical classical interference, called coupled resonator induced transparency (CRIT). With the analogy between optical and atomic parameters, we treat Sagnac effect as a phase perturbation to resonators' optical parameters, and then analyze Sagnac effect in a CRIT structure with a transfer function approach and derive the explicit expression of relative Sagnac phase shift. We find that Sagnac effect is enhanced as a factor as light slows, and can be tailored by adjusting the optical parameters of structure. Furthermore, as a potential highly sensitive, compact size rotation sensor, some issues for the implementation of CRIT structure based gyroscope are discussed and considered, such as the fabrication possibility, line-width, shot noise limit sensitivity and integration issues. With the improvement of micro-fabrication technique, this gyroscope should have all-solid configuration, compact size and also be expected to achieve comparable sensitivity to common optic-fiber gyroscope. It would be easily integrated to all-optical application and construct a high performance rotation sensor.
We propose to employ the storage of light in a dynamically tuned add-drop resonator to realize an optical gyroscope of ultrahigh sensitivity and compact size. Taking the impact of the linewidth of incident light on the sensitivity into account, we investigate the effect of rotation on the propagation of a partially coherent light field in this dynamically tuned slow-light structure. It is demonstrated that the fundamental trade-off between the rotation-detection sensitivity and the linewidth will be overcome and the sensitivity-linewidth product will be enhanced by two orders of magnitude in comparison to that of the corresponding static slow-light structure. Furthermore, the optical gyroscope employing the storage of light in the dynamically tuned add-drop resonator can acquire ultrahigh sensitivity by extremely short fiber length without a high-performance laser source of narrow linewidth and a complex laser frequency stabilization system. Thus the proposal in this paper provides a promising and feasible scheme to realize highly sensitive and compact integrated optical gyroscopes by slow-light structures.