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ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA

Stimulated Emission Behavior of Single Quantum Dot in Microcavity

Chang-qi Cao

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A system consisted of a three-level quantum dot coupled to a single mode of an optical microcavity is investigated.Using the numerical calculation method,the net stimulated emission dynamical evolution with the variation of the coupling strength between the quantum dot and the single mode of the optical microcavity is studied,which is based on quantum-optical master equations. The effect of the decay rate between the laser levels on the net stimulated emission is also studied. When the coupling strength between the quantum dot and the single mode of the optical cavity is larger, the net stimulated emission is prone to a saturation curve sooner. These saturation curves get to a limit value with the increasing value of the coupling strength sooner. The net stimulated emission curves show the opposite law with the increasing value of the decay rate between the laser levels.

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A system consisted of a three-level quantum dot coupled to a single mode of an optical microcavity is investigated.Using the numerical calculation method,the net stimulated emission dynamical evolution with the variation of the coupling strength between the quantum dot and the single mode of the optical microcavity is studied,which is based on quantum-optical master equations. The effect of the decay rate between the laser levels on the net stimulated emission is also studied. When the coupling strength between the quantum dot and the single mode of the optical cavity is larger, the net stimulated emission is prone to a saturation curve sooner. These saturation curves get to a limit value with the increasing value of the coupling strength sooner. The net stimulated emission curves show the opposite law with the increasing value of the decay rate between the laser levels.
We study the dynamics of a quantum dot embedded in a three-dimensional microcavity in the strong coupling regime in which the quantum dot exciton has an energy close to the frequency of a confined cavity mode. Under the continuous pumping of the system, the confined electron and hole can recombine either by spontaneous emission through a leaky mode or by stimulated emission of a cavity mode that can escape from the cavity. The numerical integration of a master equation including all these effects gives the dynamics of the density matrix. By using the quantum regression theorem, we compute the first- and second-order coherence functions required to calculate the photon statistics and the spectrum of the emitted light. Our main result is the determination of a range of parameters in which a state of cavity modes with Poissonian or sub-Poissonian (nonclassical) statistics can be built up within the microcavity. Depending on the relative values of pumping and rate of stimulated emission, either one or two peaks close to the excitation energy of the dot and/or to the natural frequency of the cavity are observed in the emission spectrum. The physics behind these results is discussed.
The master equation for the microcavity-quantum dot coupled system is established based on the quantum regression theorem,and the time-dependent evolution of the density matrix of the two-level system for a quantum dot in a microcavity is studied under pumping by laser pulses.The characteristics such as the number of emitted photons and the second-order corelation function are derived from the density matrixes.Parameters of the microcavity and the pumping conditions are optimized for single-photon sources.The relativity between the microcavity decay rate and coupling coefficient is critical for single photon emission.
In this paper, we investigate the emission spectrum of a nonlinear microcavity at the level of individual quantum. The physical system consists of one coherently pumped microcavity in which a self-interacting bosonic matter field strongly couples with the cavity field. By the master equation treatment, we obtain an analytical expression for the emission spectrum of the cavity. It is found that when the strength of the bosonic nonlinear effect is greater than a critical level, the spectrum of the single-mode cavity field is divided into doublet peaks. Furthermore, we also study the influence of the detuning between cavity field and matter field on the emission property. We show that the emission intensity is enhanced by negative detuning and suppressed by positive detuning.
The quantum dot-cavity system was investigated using a quantum master equation that took incoherent pumping,stimulated emission and pure dephasing into consideration,and analytical emission spectra at cavity and dot were presented.The theoretical analysis results show that the pure dephasing shifts the emission intensity towards the cavity frequency in non-resonant coupling system and thus can be a very good explanation of the non-resonantly coupled cavity effective emission effect.In order to further study the application of pure dephasing in the quantum dot-cavity coupled systems,the effective quantum dot-cavity coupling rate and the efficiency of the single photon source for detuned systems were introduced,and good cavity and bad ragime were able to be defined through comparing the effective quantum dot-cavity coupling rate and the cavity decay rate.Influence of the pure dephasing on the efective coupling rate and the efficiency of the single photon source were investigated in resonance and detuning selected two set of theoretical parameters according to the experimental data.The results show that the pure dephasing can increase the efftive quantum dot-cavity coupling and the efficiency of single photon source for detuned system and thus may make a transition from bad cavity to good cavity ragime;a set of parameters having larger coupling efficiency in a certain range can meet good cavity ragime that its single photon sources efficiency is obviously better than the other set.Compared with bad cavity regime laser in non-resonant coupling system,the good cavity regime is a necessary condition to achieve single quantum dot lasers;the Fano function shows no evidence of a maximum in the non-resonant coupling system and thus there is no laser threshold in this system.
We propose cooperative two-photon lasing in two quantum dots coupled to a single-mode photonic crystal cavity. We consider both quantum dots are driven either incoherently or coherently using an external pump. We incorporate exciton-phonon coupling using polaron transformed master equation. Using quantum laser theory, single- and multiphoton excess emission rates (difference between emission and absorption) into cavity mode are investigated. The single- and two-photon excess emission rates contribute to cavity photons, predominantly. Varying the pump strength can lead to single-photon excess emission rate change from negative to positive, and thus, by appropriately selecting pump strength, single-photon excess emission rate can be made negligible.
The optical emission spectrum of a quantum dot in strong coupling with the single mode of a microcavity is obtained in the nonlinear regime. We study how exciton-exciton interactions alter the emission spectrum of the system, bringing the linear Rabi doublet into a multiplet structure that is strongly dependent on the cavity-exciton energy detuning. We emphasize how nonlinearity can be used to evidence the genuine quantum nature of the coupling by producing satellites peaks of the Rabi doublet that originate from the quantized energy levels of the interactions.