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集宁师范学院学报

The Derivation of the Medium Wave Function in a One-Dimensional Finite Deep Symmetrical Square Potential Well

Zhao Peng-y

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Three methods-a documental analysis, a textual method, a comprehensive analysis- are used in this article to analyze the energy levels of motional particles and their wave functions of one-dimensional finite deep symmetrical square potential wells, thus solving the eigen-values and eigen-functions at their corresponding energetic levels. Due to the three following advantages of a one-dimensional problem-its simpler mathematical processing, and the possible detailed-discussed results, and the display of the many features of quantum systems, so in the paper, the eigen-values and the exact formulas of the wave functions of moving particles in a one-dimensional finite deep symmetric square potential wells, which are not specified in the textbooks, are deviated according to the Schrodinger equation of stationary state through a case study of moving particles in a one-dimensional finite deep symmetric square potential wells.

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Three methods-a documental analysis, a textual method, a comprehensive analysis- are used in this article to analyze the energy levels of motional particles and their wave functions of one-dimensional finite deep symmetrical square potential wells, thus solving the eigen-values and eigen-functions at their corresponding energetic levels. Due to the three following advantages of a one-dimensional problem-its simpler mathematical processing, and the possible detailed-discussed results, and the display of the many features of quantum systems, so in the paper, the eigen-values and the exact formulas of the wave functions of moving particles in a one-dimensional finite deep symmetric square potential wells, which are not specified in the textbooks, are deviated according to the Schrodinger equation of stationary state through a case study of moving particles in a one-dimensional finite deep symmetric square potential wells.
The one-dimensional finite-depth potential well problem under certain boundary conditions discussed in this paper is mainly the eigenvalue problem in quantum mechanics. The basis of this article is the solution of Schrodinger equation and the treatment of transcendental equation. In many quantum mechanics textbooks, the one-dimensional infinite potential well problem is regarded as the foundation of quantum mechanics because it is easy to handle and understand. On this basis, this paper discusses the more challenging finite-depth potential well situation. In this paper, the transcendental equation is obtained by analogy between the wave function with time and the continuity of the boundary conditions. In order to solve the problem that transcendental equation is difficult to solve in this process, this paper adopts the method of solving numerical solutions by using images, which includes two different cases of odd and even functions. This paper reveals the possibility of particles appearing outside the well in this problem, and on this basis, some discussions and analysis are made on the one-dimensional asymmetric finite-depth potential well problem.
The quantum Finite Square Well (FSW) model is a well-known topic in most quantum mechanics (QM) books.A couple of equations can be derived from one dimensional Schrodinger equation for a finite potential well for describing the bound Eigen states within the well.Sometimes the FSW problem does not have an exact solution, yet, there are in fact exact solutions.In this work a computational techniques is adopted to find the exact solution for FSW.To achieve this computational solution, a computer program has been written in Basic language for calculating the Eigen state energy for a particle confined in finite potential well using the iterative method (IM).Six values of potential width have been studied with potential depth.The results showed that wider potential width led us to more bound states, while narrower potential width led us to less bound states.Six values of potential depth have been studied with potential width.The results showed that larger potential depth led us to more bound states, while smaller potential width led us to less bound states.A Comparison Between Finite and Infinite Potential Well has been also presented.The result of comparison showed that energy levels of an infinite well are much higher than that the corresponding energy levels for finite potential well.In general, the matching between the results of the iterative method and the graphical method (GM) proving that the iteration method can be regarded as a useful tool for describing the solutions of the 1-dimensional FSW problem.
By solving the Schrodinger equations in three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) finite depth center spherically symmetric square potential well, the eigenequations of bounded energy levels and their distributions are obtained, and the analytical solution for any bound state wave function is given. Both the eigenequations of the energy levels as well as the stationary state wave functions are closely related to the (spherical) Bessel functions. It is found that for the 3D case, there exists a bound solution when 2μa2V0/ħ2>π2/4 is present. While for the 2D case, there exists a bound state if 2μa2V0/ħ2>0.1993. Finally, numerical methods are used to analyze the characteristics of probability density distribution of different quantum states. It is found that in both three-dimensional and two-dimensional situations, the maximum number of probability density distributions inside the well corresponds exactly to the quantum number n. The larger n or the smaller α is, the higher the probability of discovering particles outside the well. In addition, the angular momentum quantum number l or m can characterize the degree to which particles deviate from the center or the uniform distribution.
First, this article explains the formula of one - dimensional infinitely deep square potential well's energy levels from stationary state schrodinger equation, and then deduces the same formula from one - dimensional half infinitely high square potential well' s energy levels diagram of graphic. solution, and proves that one - dimensional leveles are limit of one - dimensional half infinitely high square potential well' s energy levels. Finally it discusses the energy levels' number of one - dimensional half infinitely high square potential well and gives out the differentiateating formula about it.