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Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

Study on generation mechanism and state function of spontaneous parametric down-conversion light field

Xinli Ma

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Based on analyzing the interaction of pumping photons and a nonlinear crystal with no center of symmetry, an explanation about the generation mechanism of spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) light field was put forward. Then state function of SPDC biphoton light field was derived and a probability explanation was given.

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JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia•Jan 1, 2024•0 citations
Spontaneous parametric down-conversion is a non-classical optical field,which is generated by the interaction on nonlinear crystal of monochromatic flux of pumping photons and quantum vacuum noise.In this paper,the generation mechanism of spdc light field is interpreted by theory of quantum mechanics;the interpretation by classical theory is also given here.The paper also introduces roundly the non-classical characteristics and application advances of spdc light field in laser,remote sensing and quantum communication.Last but not least,SPDC′s application prospect and its developing direction are also given in this paper.
Abstract As a tutorial, we examine the absolute brightness and number statistics of photon pairs generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) from first principles. In doing so, we demonstrate how the diverse implementations of SPDC can be understood through a single common framework, and use this to derive straightforward formulas for the biphoton generation rate (pairs per second) in a variety of different circumstances. In particular, we consider the common cases of both collimated and focused Gaussian pump beams in a bulk nonlinear crystal, as well as in nonlinear waveguides and micro-ring resonators. Furthermore, we examine the number statistics of down-converted light using a non-perturbative approximation (the multi-mode squeezed vacuum), to provide quantitative formulas for the relative likelihood of multi-pair production events, and explore how the quantum state of the pump affects the subsequent statistics of the down-converted light. Following this, we consider the limits of the undepleted pump approximation, and conclude by performing experiments to test the effectiveness of our theoretical predictions for the biphoton generation rate in a variety of different sources.
Spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) is one of the most versatile techniques for the generation of correlated photon pair, whose quantum state is essential for photon entanglement that underpins many quantum applications like secure communication, quantum metrology and lithography and quantum imaging [1]. Inverse design of effective SPDC has been achieved by structured crystals with shaped pump beams [2]. Another popular platform for SPDC is nanofabricated structures with sub-wavelength thickness called metasurfaces, as they could achieve drastic enhancement of nonlinear light-matter interactions [3]. There remains the possibility to use inverse design to optimize metasurfaces for SPDC.