Atom-gyroscope has the advantages of high precision and high sensitivity,and it is a research hotspot of inertial technology in countries of the world in recent years.The present status of atom-gyroscope is described simply.According to the characteristics of inertial guidance system of air-to-air missile,the application prospect of chip-level atomic spin-polarized gyroscope in air-to-air missile is forecasted.
Atom-gyroscope has the advantages of high precision and high sensitivity,and it is a research hotspot of inertial technology in countries of the world in recent years.The present status of atom-gyroscope is described simply.According to the characteristics of inertial guidance system of air-to-air missile,the application prospect of chip-level atomic spin-polarized gyroscope in air-to-air missile is forecasted.
With the rapid development of modern physics, atomic gyroscopes have been demonstrated in recent years. There are two types of atomic gyroscope. The Atomic Interferometer Gyroscope (AIG), which utilizes the atomic interferometer to sense rotation, is an ultra-high precision gyroscope; and the Atomic Spin Gyroscope (ASG), which utilizes atomic spin to sense rotation, features high precision, compact size and the possibility to make a chip-scale one. Recent developments in the atomic gyroscope field have created new ways to obtain high precision gyroscopes which were previously unavailable with mechanical or optical gyroscopes, but there are still lots of problems that need to be overcome to meet the requirements of inertial navigation systems. This paper reviews the basic principles of AIG and ASG, introduces the recent progress in this area, focusing on discussing their technical difficulties for inertial navigation applications, and suggests methods for developing high performance atomic gyroscopes in the near future.
With the progress of laser cooling and other atom optics technologies, the cold atom interferometry gyroscope based on cold atom wave is developing rapidly, and it promises to be a novel gyroscope technology in inertial navigation areas. The research status of cold atom interferometry gyroscope and the principle of atom interferometry are introduced, and a comparative analysis of the characteristics among the three distinct types of cold atom interferometry gyroscopes in Stanford University, Observatoire de Paris and Hanover University is carried out. The improving schemes and developing prospects of cold atom interferometry gyroscope are discussed by focusing on its current limitations, aiming at its wider application in inertial navigation fields.
With the development of atom optics,the potential high precision and super-high sensitivity of atom inertial technology have attracted world-wide attention and research.Recent great technology progress in atom inertial technology was achieved,and the application in engineering is developing.The recent development of atom inertial technology was introduced in the paper,and its applications,especially on high precision inertial navigation,fundamental physics and verification of General Relativity,measurement of the Earth,the Moon,and so on.At last,domestic research situation and development in the future were demonstrated.
As the core sensors of inertial navigation, the accuracy of gyroscope and accelerometer directly determines the performance of inertial navigation system. With the appearance of cold atom interference technology, it has a wide application prospect in the field of inertial measurement, and cold atom gravimeter and cold atom gyroscope have appeared in succession. This paper mainly introduces the basic principle of cold atom interference technology, and briefly describes the development status of cold atom gyroscope and accelerometer. The existing problems in the current research is summarized, and its future application in navigation are prospected.
In recent years, developments in quantum sensing, laser, and atomic sensor technologies have also enabled advancement in the field of quantum navigation. Atomic-based gyroscopes have emerged as one of the most critical atomic sensors in this respect. In this review, a brief technology statement of spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) type atomic comagnetometer gyroscope (CG) is presented. Related studies in the literature have been gathered, and the fundamental compositions of CGs with technical basics are presented. A comparison of SERF and NMR CGs is provided. A basic simulation of SERF CG was carried out because of its high theoretic bias stability limit. Besides, some highly critical challenges for CGs were examined and reported with compensation methods. The objective of this review is to offer a guide for researchers to develop high-precision atomic gyroscopes and to encourage further research.
Atomic gyroscopes can be used to measure carrier's rotation information by atomic spin or Sagnac interference effect, which have the characteristics of high precision, small volume, and so on. In the first part, atomic gyroscopes are discussed with their principles, and recent research statues. In the second part, it is presented that the progress of nuclear magnetic resonance gyro (NMRG), spin-exchange relaxation free gyro (SERFG) and cold atomic interferometer gyro (CAIG) have been achieved in Beijing institute of control devices (BICD). For the NMRG, the key technologies are introduced, which include long relaxation time of small sized vapor cell manufacture, non-magnetic electronic heating system, static magnetic field stabling with double working materials, and the frequency of the laser stabling. The research achievements of NMRG in BICD are presented that, the Earth's Rotary Rate (ERR) has been sensed, the bias drift is better than 3°/h(1 σ). For the SERFG, the key technologies are introduced about high pressure vapor cell manufacture, and nuclear magnetic field compensation. The SERFG prototype in BICD is shown. For the CAIG, the key technologies are introduced about cold atoms maintaining in free space, chip for atoms manufacture, Raman pulse preparation, and cold atoms interference. The research achievements of CAIG in BICD are presented that the temperature of the cold atomic cluster achieved to 3 μ K, the number of the atoms in the cluster reaches 107. At last, the future applications and the development trends of atomic inertial systems are prospected with the remarkable performance of NMRG, SERFG, and CAIG.