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Acta Physica Sinica

SCALED-ENERGY SPECTROSCOPY OF STRONTIUM |M|=1 RYDBERG ATOMS IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD

Xiaojun Liu, CAO JUN-WEN, Jin Wang, Zhao Hong-tai, Mingsheng Zhan, (1)中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室,武汉 430071; (2)中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室,武汉 430071；中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所激光光谱学开放实验室,合肥 230031

Published Jan 1, 2000• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The strontium atoms in ground states were excited to higher |M|=1 Rydberg states while the laser wavelength and the electric field strength are scanned simultaneously to keep the scaled-energy ε constant. Spectra were recorded for ε=-3.00, -2.50 and -1.88. The experimental Fourier transform recurrence spectra were compared with the hydrogenic closed-orbit calculation. The positions of the experimental recurrence peaks were well coincided with the theory, but the strengths of the peaks were strongly affected by the strontium core effect.

DOI
10.7498/aps.49.1447

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In the past years, scaled energy spectroscopy is under active investigation because this method can simplify the analysis of atomic spectra in the external field based on classic mechanics. A fully computer-controlled experimental system to study the constant scaled-energy spectroscopy was established and described in this paper. The excitation energy E and the strength of the external electric field F were controlled synchronously to keep the scaled-energy epsilon = E/square root of F constant. With this system, constant scaled-energy spectra of Strontium Rydberg atoms at epsilon = -3.0 in a static electric field were successfully recorded for the first time, and the recurrence spectra were obtained by a Fourier transform.
We observe strong energy-dependent quantum defects in the scaled-energy Stark spectra for | M | = 1 Rydberg states of barium atoms at three scaled energies: ε = –2.000, ε = –2.500 and ε = –3.000. In an attempt to explain the observations, theoretical calculations of closed orbit theory based on a model potential including core effect are performed for non-hydrogenic atoms. While such a potential has been uniformly successful for alkali atoms with a single valence electron, it fails to match experimental results for barium atoms in the 6snp Rydberg states with two valence electrons. Our study points out that this discrepancy is due to the strong perturbation from the 5d8p state, which voids the simple approximation for constant quantum defects of principle quantum number n.
We observe strong energy-dependent quantum defects in the scaled-energy Stark spectra for vertical bar M vertical bar = 1 Rydberg states of barium atoms at three scaled energies: epsilon = -2.000, epsilon = -2.500 and epsilon = -3.000. In an attempt to explain the observations, theoretical calculations of closed orbit theory based on a model potential including core effect are performed for non-hydrogenic atoms. While such a potential has been uniformly successful for alkali atoms with a single valence electron, it fails to match experimental results for barium atoms in the 6snp Rydberg states with two valence electrons. Our study points out that this discrepancy is due to the strong perturbation from the 5d8p state, which voids the simple approximation for constant quantum defects of principle quantum number n.
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Stark spectra of barium Rydberg states above the classical field-ionization limit have been recorded at high density of states employing high-resolution laser spectroscopy. The spectra, taken at a binding energy of about \ensuremath{\varepsilon}\ensuremath{\approxeq}-55 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ with respect to zero-field threshold and at electric-field strengths F\ensuremath{\approxeq}100 V/cm exhibit dramatic variations in line profiles with increasing external field strength. The WKB quantum-defect theory of the Stark effect of nonhydrogenic atoms was used to analyze the recorded spectra, and excellent agreement between measured and calculated line profiles was achieved. Core-induced coupling of closed and open hydrogenic Stark channels was found to contribute dominantly to the linewidth of the recorded Stark resonances. In addition, a reformulation of this theory by McNicholl, Ivri, and Bergeman (unpublished) in terms of a configuration-interaction model was employed to analyze a particular avoided crossing of several Stark components. In this way recorded line profiles were parametrized within a limited model to obtain resonance energies, linewidths, and Fano q parameters.