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Controlled dynamic instability and route to chaos with three|level atoms inside an optical ring cavity

Yang Wenge

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Dynamic instability and chaos are experimentally observed in the output field of an optical cavity consisting of three-level atoms near the condition of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The observed dynamic instability and route to chaos can be well controlled by the coupling laser field, and are greatly enhanced by the modified absorption, dispersion, and nonlinearity due to induced atomic coherence in the three-level atomic EIT system. A theoretical model is developed to quantitatively explain the observed results.

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We theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate chaotic behaviors in a system comprising of three-level atoms inside an optical ring cavity. This electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system is driven to chaos through period-doubling route by reducing the frequency detuning of the coupling laser beam. The chaos occurs in a different parametric regime as previously predicted and is believed to be caused by the enhanced dispersion and nonlinearity due to induced atomic coherence in such EIT system.

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Summary form only given. The reduced absorption and enhanced nonlinearity in a three-level electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system are very important in achieving an effective all-optical switching action. The Kerr-nonlinear index of refraction of a three-level EIT medium can be greatly enhanced near resonance due to atomic coherence induced in such a system in comparison with a two-level atomic system, as we have shown by using an optical ring cavity. Both the magnitude and sign of the Kerr-nonlinear index change dramatically for different frequency detunings of the controlling (or coupling) or cavity (or probe) field. Bistability and dynamic instability occur when such a three-level /spl Lambda/-type EIT system is placed inside an optical ring cavity and the controlling and cavity input intensities to exceed certain threshold values. In this paper, we present a recent experimental demonstration of controlling the cavity output intensity by modulating the frequency detuning of the controlling beam.

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This thesis mainly focuses on the experimental investigations of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) related phenomena in various systems involving multilevel atoms inside an optical ring cavity. Semiclassical methods, e.g. density-matrix equations, are used through out this thesis to simulate the experimental results. First, the cavity transmission spectrum can be significantly modified when multilevel atoms are placed inside an optical ring cavity. Such coupled atom-cavity systems are well explained by the intracavity dispersion/absorption properties. Specifically, three-level lambda-type, four-level N-type and double-lambda-type atoms inside an optical ring cavity are investigated by examining their cavity transmission spectra. Second, optical multistability (OM) has been demonstrated with EIT atoms inside an optical ring cavity. Such OM has been utilized to realize a controllable optical multistate switch, which can be modeled as a triple-well system. Third, self-Kerr nonlinearities of multilevel atoms are measured in an optical ring cavity by scanning the cavity length. Fourth, bright Stokes and anti-Stokes fields are generated simultaneously in a doubly-resonant atomic optical parametric oscillator (AOPO). In addition, vacuum-induced absorption and noise correlations are studied in the AOPO system. Last, a theoretical model is proposed to realize parity-time (PT) symmetry in a four-level N-type atomic system by spatially modifying the complex refractive index in free space. Moreover, the experimental progress is made to observe discrete diffraction pattern in an optically induced lattice by interfering with plane waves in a coherent atomic medium.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science•Jan 1, 2013•0 citations
Dynamic instability and chaos are experimentally observed in the output field of an optical cavity consisting of three-level atoms near the condition of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The observed dynamic instability and route to chaos can be well controlled by the coupling laser field, and are greatly enhanced by the modified absorption, dispersion, and nonlinearity due to induced atomic coherence in the three-level atomic EIT system. A theoretical model is developed to quantitatively explain the observed results.
We theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate chaotic behaviors in a system comprising of three-level atoms inside an optical ring cavity. This electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system is driven to chaos through period-doubling route by reducing the frequency detuning of the coupling laser beam. The chaos occurs in a different parametric regime as previously predicted and is believed to be caused by the enhanced dispersion and nonlinearity due to induced atomic coherence in such EIT system.
Summary form only given. The reduced absorption and enhanced nonlinearity in a three-level electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system are very important in achieving an effective all-optical switching action. The Kerr-nonlinear index of refraction of a three-level EIT medium can be greatly enhanced near resonance due to atomic coherence induced in such a system in comparison with a two-level atomic system, as we have shown by using an optical ring cavity. Both the magnitude and sign of the Kerr-nonlinear index change dramatically for different frequency detunings of the controlling (or coupling) or cavity (or probe) field. Bistability and dynamic instability occur when such a three-level /spl Lambda/-type EIT system is placed inside an optical ring cavity and the controlling and cavity input intensities to exceed certain threshold values. In this paper, we present a recent experimental demonstration of controlling the cavity output intensity by modulating the frequency detuning of the controlling beam.
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the theoretical and experimental studies of atomic optical bistability and multistability, and their dynamical properties in systems with two- and three-level inhomogeneously-broadened atoms inside an optical cavity. By making use of the modified linear absorption and dispersion, as well as the greatly enhanced nonlinearity in the three-level electromagnetically induced transparency system, the optical bistablity and efficient all-optical switching can be achieved at relatively low laser powers, which can be well controlled and manipulated. Until now, the rapid rate of progress in applications of multilevel systems in cross-disciplinary field has made it difficult to newcomers to the field to obtain a broad overview of this topic. This monograph will serve the purpose.
The atomic optical bistability (AOB) in multi-level systems has advantages over the two-level system as absorption, dispersion, and nonlinear optical properties of one optical field coupled to one atomic transition can be greatly modified by other optical fields coupled to other connected nearby atomic transitions in multi-level atomic systems due to induced atomic coherences. By making use of such changes in linear and nonlinear optical properties around resonance, which are related to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), it is easy to manipulate and control nonlinear optical processes in the multi-level atomic systems. We review earlier two-level AOB theory, as well as experiments and some recent studies that made use of multi-level atomic EIT systems in achieving controls of nonlinear optical processes such as instabilities and stochastic resonance associated with the coupled atom–cavity systems.
This thesis mainly focuses on the experimental investigations of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) related phenomena in various systems involving multilevel atoms inside an optical ring cavity. Semiclassical methods, e.g. density-matrix equations, are used through out this thesis to simulate the experimental results. First, the cavity transmission spectrum can be significantly modified when multilevel atoms are placed inside an optical ring cavity. Such coupled atom-cavity systems are well explained by the intracavity dispersion/absorption properties. Specifically, three-level lambda-type, four-level N-type and double-lambda-type atoms inside an optical ring cavity are investigated by examining their cavity transmission spectra. Second, optical multistability (OM) has been demonstrated with EIT atoms inside an optical ring cavity. Such OM has been utilized to realize a controllable optical multistate switch, which can be modeled as a triple-well system. Third, self-Kerr nonlinearities of multilevel atoms are measured in an optical ring cavity by scanning the cavity length. Fourth, bright Stokes and anti-Stokes fields are generated simultaneously in a doubly-resonant atomic optical parametric oscillator (AOPO). In addition, vacuum-induced absorption and noise correlations are studied in the AOPO system. Last, a theoretical model is proposed to realize parity-time (PT) symmetry in a four-level N-type atomic system by spatially modifying the complex refractive index in free space. Moreover, the experimental progress is made to observe discrete diffraction pattern in an optically induced lattice by interfering with plane waves in a coherent atomic medium.