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Multiparty Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol in Quantum Communication Network

Shumei Wang, Hongyang Ma

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
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Abstract

The paper designs a mutual quantum secure direct communication scheme,which shared a sequence of single photons and greenberger-horne-zeilinger(GHZ states) in the quantum networks.S1,S2,…,Sn-1 members in cluster S directly encode their respective keys on the states of single photons;then generalizes this situation transmit to the last one of the cluster.Sn encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle states and transmits them to D1,D2,…,Dn supervised via one of the cluster M.It proves that it is unconditionally secure.

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The paper designs a mutual quantum secure direct communication scheme,which shared a sequence of single photons and greenberger-horne-zeilinger(GHZ states) in the quantum networks.S1,S2,…,Sn-1 members in cluster S directly encode their respective keys on the states of single photons;then generalizes this situation transmit to the last one of the cluster.Sn encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle states and transmits them to D1,D2,…,Dn supervised via one of the cluster M.It proves that it is unconditionally secure.
In this paper we develop a quantum network with a mutual quantum secure direct communication scheme based on multiparty quantum secret sharing. This quantum network, assuming to contain clusters S, M, and D, shares a sequence of single photons and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. Each cluster is made of the same or similar quantum nodes gathered or occurring closely together. The feature of this scheme is that the communication between two clusters depends on the agreement of the third cluster. We also prove that such a quantum network is unconditionally secure.
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We propose a quantum secret sharing protocol between multiparty (mmm members in group 1) and multiparty (nnn members in group 2) using a sequence of single photons. These single photons are used directly to encode classical information in a quantum secret sharing process. In this protocol, all members in group 1 directly encode their respective keys on the states of single photons via unitary operations; then, the last one (the mthm\mathrm{th}mth member of group 1) sends 1∕n1∕n1∕n of the resulting qubits to each of group 2. Thus the secret message shared by all members of group 1 is shared by all members of group 2 in such a way that no subset of each group is efficient to read the secret message, but the entire set (not only group 1 but also group 2) is. We also show that it is unconditionally secure. This protocol is feasible with present-day techniques.
We present an ( n , n ) threshold quantum secret sharing scheme of secure direct communication using Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state and teleportation. After ensuring the security of the quantum channel, the sender encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle states and transmits it to the receivers by teleportation. The receivers can recover the secret message by combining their measurement results with the sender's result. If a perfect quantum channel is used, our scheme is completely secure because the transmitting particle sequence does not carry the secret message. We also show our scheme is secure for noise quantum channel.
In this paper, we present an (n, n) threshold quantum secret sharing scheme of secure direct communication using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. The present scheme is efficient in that all the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states used in the quantum secret sharing scheme are used to generate shared secret messages except those chosen for checking eavesdropper. In our scheme, the measuring basis of communication parties is invariable and the classical information used to check eavesdropping needs only the results of measurements of the communication parties. Another nice feature of our scheme is that the sender transmit her secret messages to the receivers directly and the receivers recover the sender's secret by combining their results, different from the QSS scheme whose object is essentially to allow a sender to establish a shared key with the receivers. This feature of our scheme is similar to that of quantum secret direct communication.
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) can transmit secret messages directly from one user to another without first establishing a shared secret key, which is different from quantum key distribution. In this paper, we propose a novel quantum secure direct communication protocol based on signal photons and Bell states. Before the execution of the proposed protocol, two participants Alice and Bob exchange their corresponding identity IDA and IDB through quantum key distribution and keep them secret, respectively. Then the message sender, Alice, encodes each secret message bit into two single photons (| 01〉or|10〉) or a Bell state , and composes an ordered secret message sequence. To insure the security of communication, Alice also prepares the decoy photons and inserts them into secret message sequence on the basis of the values of IDA and IDB. By the secret identity IDA and IDB, both sides of the communication can check eavesdropping and identify each other. The proposed protocol not only completes secure direct communication, but also realizes the mutual authentication. The security analysis of the proposed protocol is presented in the paper. The analysis results show that this protocol is secure against some common attacks, and no secret message leaks even if the messages are broken. Compared with the two-way QSDC protocols, the presented protocol is a one-way quantum communication protocol which has the immunity to Trojan horse attack. Furthermore, our proposed protocol can be realized without quantum memory.