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Journal of Shanxi University

Photon Statistics of Optical Source from Single Molecule in Room Temperature

Jia Suo-Tang

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The principle of optical detection for three-levels single molecule in room temperature were introduced.By use of Hanbury-Brown-Twiss method,the photon statistics P(n,n=0,1,2) and the Mandel parameter were analyzed by recording of every photo-electrical event from the single photon source.In the work,novel and fast approaches for identifying single molecules and the determination of signal to background ratio were presented based on single event photon statistics.

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arXiv:quant-ph/0202130•Physical Review Letters•Aug 13, 2002•93 citations
The principle of optical detection for three-levels single molecule in room temperature were introduced.By use of Hanbury-Brown-Twiss method,the photon statistics P(n,n=0,1,2) and the Mandel parameter were analyzed by recording of every photo-electrical event from the single photon source.In the work,novel and fast approaches for identifying single molecules and the determination of signal to background ratio were presented based on single event photon statistics.
The principle of single photon source based on three-levels single molecule is introduced. By use of Hanbury-Brown-Twiss method, the photon statistics P(n, n=0、1、2) and the Mandel parameter are analyzed by recording of every photo-electrical event from the single photon source. When signal to background ratio SBR2.4, an efficient method to distinguish single molecules by the double-photon statistics probability P(2), which shows P(2)12(2-4-2n-)~2, is presented. Here, n- is the mean photon number.
We theoretically derive exact expressions for Mandel's Q parameter of the triggered single molecular source, which is inferred from the probabilities P RS ( n ) using the record of each photon detection event based on Hanbury Brown and Twiss detection. The real triggered source is recognized as an ideal single photon source with a Poissonian statistics background. How to decrease the background and to increase the efficiency are discussed. It is established that the sub-Poissonian statistics formation can be determined by comparing the measured Q RS of the real single triggered molecular with Q C of the Poissonian source containing the same mean photons. By this method, we also give an efficient way to measure signal-to-background ratios of triggered single photons.
Theoretical research on the record of every incident output of the single-molecule photon source responded by two SPCM with standard Hanbury-Brown-Twiss technique is presented.The photon statistic measurement of a single molecule photon source based on the HBT configuration with an unbalanced detection system is studied.The photon counting statistics character of the real single molecular photon source with a Poisson statistics background is theoretically investigated.It is shown that the unbalanced detectors,the unbalanced beam-splitter and the unbalanced linear propagation efficiencies will cause the single event Mandel parameter to be less than that of balance system.In addition,the correction expression to the Mandel parameter based on unbalanced detection is given.
We theoretically derive exact expressions for Mandel's Q parameter of the triggered single molecular source, which is inferred from the probabilities PRs (n) using the recorded of each photon detection event based on Hanbury Brown and Twiss detection. The real triggered source is recognized as an ideal single photon source with a Poissonian statistics background. How to decease the background and to increase the efficiency are discussed. It is established that the sub-Poissonian statistics formation can be determined by comparing the measured QRs of the real single triggered molecular with Qc of the Poissonian source containing the same mean photons. By this method, we also give an efficient way to measure signal-to-background ratios of triggered single photons.
We theoretically study the photon counting statistics characterizations of the real single molecular photon source with a Poisson statistics background and that of an ideal double molecular system based on the standard HBT detection. Mandel parameter Q of each source with the same mean photons n—was analyzed. We have obtained an efficient method to identify single molecule by the two-photon statistics probability P(2), which shows the relation P(2)2. Additionally, we studied the effect of single-to-background ratio of the single molecular photon source on the criterion.
We studied intensity fluctuations of a single photon source relying on the pulsed excitation of the fluorescence of a single molecule at room temperature. We directly measured the Mandel parameter Q(T) over 4 orders of magnitude of observation time scale T by recording every photocount. On time scale of a few excitation periods, sub-Poissonian statistics is clearly observed and the probablility of two-photons events is 10 times smaller than Poissonian pulses. On longer times, blinking in the fluorescence, due to the molecular triplet state, produces an excess of noise.