Photon: Wave and/or Particle

M.O.G. Talukder, Mushfiq Ahmad

In this paper, we demonstrate the significance of Non-Einsteinian view of relativity in relation to wave model of particle and particle model of wave. To accommodate wave-particle dualism, we have considered de-Broglie’s matter wave concept and Compton Effect. The kinematics of the photon and the photon emitter particle (photon-gun) are taken into consideration. Then, we have correlated the motion related parameters of the gun with the characteristics of the photon. This provides a correlation between wave aspect of particle (matter wave) and particle aspect of wave.

Richard P. Feynman

Shanliang Liu

The wave-particle duality has been said to contain the entire mystery of quantum mechanics. Many delayed-choice experiments have been performed to further understand the wave-particle duality. Here, we reveal some flaws in the known interference theories by comparing the theoretical predictions with the experimental facts and show that the presence of media is a necessary condition for interference of single photons, a photon interferes with other photon via microscopic particles in the interface of media, and the wave-like property of a photon originates from interaction between the photon and media; the particle property is the inherent characteristic of a photon, and the wave-like behavior of a photon always accompanies the particle behavior; the coherent time of single photons cannot be longer than the lifetime of the polarized states of the microscopic particles. Interference of single photons is interpreted properly, and the conundrum of the wave-particle duality is well solved.

David Finkelstein

R. Loudon

Narendra Swarup Agarwal

Photons and elementary particles display the properties of particle as well as of wave known as Wave Particle Duality. Quantum Theory could not explain Wave Particle Duality only due to the belief that photon has no mass and accepted Wave Particle Duality as reality of quantum scale particles. “Experimental Proof of Mass in Photon” [1] discovered Inertial Force developed by the photons on Reflection. This Inertial Force is developed in the spinning photon from inside due to the mass of photon. These experiments also discovered that the centre of mass of photon was different from the centre of photon. Such presence of mass in a photon developing Inertial Force from within the photon gifts special properties to display Wave Particle Duality, Interference and Polarization etc. These phenomena are explained in this work which could not be explained by the Quantum Theory earlier. This work also confirms mass in photon based on both Newtonian and Special Theory of Relativity. New equations of true mass of photon are also derived.