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College Physics

The wave function in Kronig-Penney model

Zhu Ya, Qiang Tian

Published Jan 1, 2005• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Based on the continuity of the wave function and its derivative, the wave function in Kronig-Penney model is analysed. We obtain a transfer matrix connecting the amplitudes of the transmitted and reflected wave function through a barrier. Then the wave function in Kronig-Penney model is derived and discussed.

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We show that application of the immersing and transfer-matrix methods to one-dimensional problems of particles scattering leads to the system of two linear equations for the functions F and Φ expressed by means of the transmission and reflection amplitudes. The expressions of these functions are derived. The offered method is illustrated by the finding of transmission and reflection coefficients for the potential barrier with a constant height. The developed method can be applied in solving the quasi-one-dimensional and two-dimensional problems of scattering.
The paper introduces a simplified and exact transfer matrix formalism.That can be used to study a series of one dimensional potential barrier problems with only two general purpose matrices one to propagate a wave function over a region of constant potential,the other to take a wave function over a discontinuity in a potential.Not only are standard results recovered for one potential barrier problem with this technique,but it is easy to extend this formalism into two,even more many potential barier cases,which facilitates wide ranging explorations of one dimensional quantum mechanics.
The Schrödinger equation assumes that a particle behaves as a wave and yields a solution in terms of wave function and the energy of the particle under consideration. Once the wave function is known, then everything about the particle can be deduced from the wave function. This chapter covers the development of the Schrödinger wave equation and its applications to one-dimensional systems. Time-dependent and time-independent Schrödinger equations, bound and scattering states, probability density, probability current and expectation values, the solution of the time-independent 1D-Schrödinger equation for a free particle, infinite as well as finite potential wells, potential steps, and the finite potential barrier are discussed in detail in the chapter. The phenomenon of tunneling, relevance and the importance of the free particle, potential wells and potential barriers to contemporary fields of physics and chemistry, periodic solids and their band structures, the Kronig-Penney model, confined states in quantum wells, and wires and dots are other topics presented in innovative manners in the chapter. The importance of the topics presented here is demonstrated through carefully chosen solved examples and unsolved exercises from contemporary fields of sciences.
The probability of a particle being reflected by a semi-infinite energy barrier was solved using Schrödinger's equations that describe the quantum mechanical behavior of the particle. The continuity of the functions at the origin allowed the wave functions and their respective derivatives to be equated. Solution of the resulting system yielded values A1 and B1 which were used to calculate the reflection coefficient, (B1/A1)2. The conclusions obtained from these results stated that the particle would be reflected by the barrier when E
In this paper, we calculate the transmission and reflection amplitudes of wave functions for different potentials such as the delta function, the rectangular barrier, the Eckart potential, and the Hulthen potential. We describe the relationship between these amplitudes and compute the reflection resonances between each potential. We describe the transmission and reflection probabilities using the WKB formula and compare the results with ones obtained from matching the boundary conditions. Furthermore, we use a two by two transfer matrix to calculate a rigorous bound on the transmission and reflection probabilities.